taras1733/gus
Question Answering
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Updated
Datasets:
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"2019-05-14T14:05:00.588Z" | "2013-08-12T00:00:00.000Z" | "152527170" | "s2ag/train" | "Practice of Social Entrepreneurship among the Muslim Entrepreneurs in Malaysia
The issue of social entrepreneurship got immense importance in the eyes of the researchers recently.
Moreover, data are very limited in the context of Malaysia especially for Muslim entrepreneurs. Realizing these
current needs and trends, this study aimed at understanding the current level of practice of social
entrepreneurship among the Muslim entrepreneurs in Malaysia. This study has conducted total five in-depth
interviews of various Muslim social entrepreneurs to reveal the entrepreneurial dimension that is prevailing in
the non-profit organizations. Moreover, this study addresses the research gap and proposes a model of social
entrepreneurship for Muslim social entrepreneurs. To end with, this study summarized that, social enterprises
have a valuable role to play in creating and sustaining civil society, the benefits of which are consumed by the
whole of society. It is in society’s interest therefore to ensure that their contribution in this respect is protected." | "v1" |
"2019-03-08T14:21:38.550Z" | "2012-04-26T00:00:00.000Z" | "71319570" | "s2ag/train" | "Evaluation of Muscle Atrophy: Comparison between Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies, ALS and Metabolic Myopathies (P07.197)
Objective: To study neuromuscular disorders by a quantitative measurement to evaluate muscle atrophy by MRI. Background The fibro-fatty replacement and myoedema are the most common indexes used to evaluate the muscle involvement in LGMD on MRI. However, many published scores are not quantitative and do not assess the extent of muscle atrophy in neuromuscular disorders. Design/Methods: We selected images obtained from T1 MRI sequences of the thigh muscles, at a distance of about 15 cm from the head of the femur. We measured the muscle area of the left quadriceps femoris and of the left vastus lateralis in 11 patients matched by sex and age, affected with 2 lipid myopathies, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, FSHD, myofibrillar myopathy, metabolic myopathy, 2 LGMD2A, LGMD1F, localized myositis ossificans, aspecific myopathy. Results: Vastus lateralis muscle. The area was in average 963 ± 303 mm 2 . In this group of patients we have identified two subgroups, one including 5 patients with a high degree of atrophy ( high atrophic group ), whose values ranged from 400 to 900 mm 2 (mean 658.7), and one including 6 patients with a low degree of atrophy ( low atrophic group ), whose values ranged from 900 to 1400 mm 2 (mean 1217.8). Quadriceps femoris muscle in-toto. The measure of muscle area was in average 3711 ± 792 mm 2 . In the high atrophic group the values ranged from 2400 to 3400 mm 2 (mean 2966), while in the low atrophic group the values ranged from 3700 to 5000 mm 2 (mean 4332). Conclusions: Imaging examination may suggest a characteristic pattern of muscle involvement: i.e. in LGMD2A the posterior compartment is often involved. The values of cross sectional muscle area appeared to be useful indexes to evaluate muscle atrophy in LGMD, ALS and metabolic myopathies. The effect of drug treatment or of exercise or rehabilitation can be evaluated by quantitative muscle MRI. Disclosure: Dr. Angelini has received personal compensation for activities with Genzyme Corporation. Dr. Fanin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Peterle has nothing to disclose." | "v1" |
"2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "2011-06-16T00:00:00.000Z" | "8548870" | "s2ag/train" | "Zonal wave numbers of the summertime 2 day planetary wave observed in the mesosphere by EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
[1] Recent observations and theoretical work suggest that the 2 day planetary wave in the summertime mesosphere is composed of multiple superposed zonal wave numbers. Here we use EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) temperature data to determine the component zonal wave numbers of the 2 day wave in the mesosphere at latitudes of 70°S to 70°N from 2004 to 2009. We consider the effect of aliasing between different wave numbers and note that significant aliasing can occur and result in spurious signals, particularly at high latitudes in winter. The seasonal evolution of the different wave numbers is investigated and found to be very different between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In both hemispheres the wave is dominated by westward traveling waves of zonal wave number 3 and 4 (W3 and W4). However, in the Southern Hemisphere the wave is dominated by the W3 component, but in the Northern Hemisphere the W3 component is smaller and the W4 component is often of similar or larger amplitude. A small-amplitude westward traveling zonal wave number 2 (W2) wave is also evident in both hemispheres. In the Northern Hemisphere, the W2 amplitudes never exceed 3 K, the W3 amplitudes can reach 3.5 K, and the W4 can be the largest component, reaching amplitudes of 4 K. In the Southern Hemisphere, the W2 amplitudes can reach up to 3.5 K, the W3 amplitudes can be much larger, reaching 12 K, and the W4 amplitudes are smaller than in the Northern Hemisphere, in 4 out of 5 years not exceeding 3 K. The Northern Hemisphere W4 can reach large amplitudes in August when the W3 is small, which means that the late summer Northern Hemisphere quasi-2 day wave is usually a W4 oscillation rather than the familiar W3. In contrast, in the Southern Hemisphere, the W3 is often larger than the W4 around the summer solstice, and there are no episodes observed where the wave becomes dominated by the W4 for an extended period of time. A high degree of interannual variability is evident, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, where the W3 peak amplitudes vary from 12 K in January 2006 to 3 K in January 2009. The height-latitude structure of the W4 suggests that this wave is a (4, 0) Rossby-gravity wave." | "v1" |
"2019-04-05T03:27:46.351Z" | "1988-04-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "95092520" | "s2ag/train" | "The excited states of barrelene: An absorption and magnetic circular dichroism study in the gas phase
The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of barrelene in the gas phase have been investigated in the wavelength region of 2600–1500 A. The 3s, 3p, and 3d Rydberg transitions have been identified and assigned. A strong valence band is observed at 1780 A and is assigned as a 1A’1→1A‘2 transition in accordance with theoretical predictions. The vibrational structure and the intensity distribution of the vibrational progressions indicate that only minor conformational changes occur in the excited electronic states of barrelene." | "v1" |
"2021-01-15T22:28:56.675Z" | "2018-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "231620770" | "s2ag/train" | "A Study on Whole Sale Price Index based Inflation rate in India
Inflation affects many developing nations; India is also a nation which is affected by Inflation. As food prices have led much of the inflation, it causes social instability as the poor are impacted more by price increases of necessary commodities. Inflation is a very unpopular happening in an economy. An important social cost of inflation, especially in developing countries is its bad effect on long-run economic growth. Opinion surveys conducted in India, The U.S.A. and other countries reveal that inflation is the most important concern of the people as it badly affects their standard of living. There are many methods used to model and forecast time series data such as trend, regression, moving average etc. In this paper, ARIMA method is considered to predict inflation for upcoming years. ARIMA techniques are used to analyze time series data and have been mainly used for loading forecast due to its accuracy, mathematical soundness and flexible due to inclusion of AR and MA terms over a regression analysis. A detailed explanation of the above is presented and summarized in tables and figures using MINITAB software." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T01:45:54.525Z" | "2009-12-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "30915020" | "s2ag/train" | "Risky endoscopy for acute aortic dissection with hematemesis.
We read with interest the article by Jutaghokiat et al. [1] on unique endoscopic features of gastroduodenal infarction caused by acute aortic dissection. They encountered a patient with severe acute epigastric pain followed by hematemesis who had high blood pressure, tachypnea, tachycardia, and absent bowel sound. After they had identified elevated serum pancreatic enzyme levels, a wide mediastinum, and small-bowel ileus, emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) suggested gastroduodenal infarction. Emergent computed tomography (CT) confirmed acute aortic dissection with hepatic and gastrointestinal infarction. Although the patient recovered uneventfully after resection of infracted organs and fenestration of abdominal aorta, we believe that EGD was risky in this patient with several signs of acute aortic dissection. Acute aortic dissection is a highly lethal medical emergency because these patients are at risk for life-threatening complications [2]. Presentation of acute aortic dissection typically includes chest and/or abdominal pain [3]. Although gastrointestinal symptoms other than abdominal pain are uncommon in such patients, gastrointestinal bleeding, caused by mesenteric infarction, has been described as a dominant symptom [2–4]. Mesenteric ischemia was reported to be present in 73/371 patients (20%) with aortic dissection [5], and still remains a diagnostic challenge [4]. Because the diagnosis is often difficult and delayed, resulting in high morbidity and mortality, a strong clinical suspicion for mesenteric ischemia and early recognition and treatment may be the only key to preventing a catastrophic outcome in this condition [4]. Angiography has been the criterion standard for the diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia, but it is usually time consuming and not universally available [6]. Noninvasive imaging modalities, such as contrast-enhanced CT and multidetector-row CT angiography can effectively detect aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and ischemic organs [4,6–8]. Although Jutaghokiat et al. [1] performed EGD in the patient with severe acute epigastric pain and hematemesis, EGD could precipitate a crisis condition in vulnerable patients because of induction of increased intra-abdominal and blood pressures [9]. CT allows rapid and cost-effective evaluation of patients with acute abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding [4,8]. Because CT can be performed easily and is in widespread use [6], we believe that patients with acute abdominal pain and hematemesis should initially undergo CT before EGD, and be screened for potentially fatal aortic dissection, especially in patients with high blood pressure, tachycardia, and a wide mediastinum." | "v1" |
"2018-12-17T18:48:59.229Z" | "2018-10-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "54562520" | "s2ag/train" | "miR-497 may enhance the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells to gefitinib through targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor.
Background
Recently, studies have demonstrated that microRNA-497 (miR-497) plays an important role in modulating tumor cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs; however, its role in cellular resistance to the effects of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not fully understood. In this study, we explored the potential of miR-497 in targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathways to overcome gefitinib resistance.
Methods
A gefitinib resistant human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line (A549/GR) was established by the method of gefitinib mutagenesis culture. Next, the A549/GR cells were transfected with miR-497 mimics to establish an miR-497 overexpression model, designated A549/GR-miR497-mimic. MTT assay was used to assess cell resistance to gefitinib, and western blot assay was employed to evaluate alterations of IGF-1R and the AKT1 signaling pathway.
Results
We found that A549/GR-miR497-mimic cells (IC50 =33.76±0.97 µmol/L) were more sensitive to gefitinib than the control group (P<0.01). In addition, the expression levels of IGF-1R and phosphorylated AKT1 (p-AKT1) in A549/GR-miR497-mimic cells were reduced.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that miR-497 may have the effect of reversing gefitinib resistance and increasing the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to EGFR-TKIs by inhibiting the expression of IGF-1R and reducing activation of the downstream AKT signaling pathway. Thus, miR-497 plays a vital role in the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, and it may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to treat NSCLC exhibiting resistance to EGFR-TKIs." | "v1" |
"2015-06-10T20:56:49.000Z" | "2008-01-02T00:00:00.000Z" | "594820" | "s2ag/train" | "Probabilistic Key Management Practical Concerns in Wireless Sensor Networks
The subject of Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks has gained increased attention from the security community around the world in the last years. Several proposals were made concerning the peculiarities of resource constrains inherent to sensor devices. One of the most accepted proposals is based on random distribution of keys among the sensor nodes, which was followed by some variants in order to increase its security. In this paper we introduce the mathematical concepts behind this class of proposals through a step-by-step mathematical analysis. This leads to some practical concerns about its applicability to real world applications where the technological constrains strictly compromise the mathematical theoretical models. We demonstrate that the number of communication links needed to assure near 100% network connectivity, is in fact, impractical in nowadays applications." | "v1" |
"2019-04-11T13:10:01.473Z" | "1997-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "107665170" | "s2ag/train" | "Fuzzy logic based selection of machining parameters
Selecting cutting parameters for machining is a complex problem. A fuzzy logic based approach to setting these parameters is developed and implemented. The materials data used were for medium carbon leaded steel (BHN 125.-425) and freemachming carbon wrought steel (BHN 225-425). Three different depths of cut (1mm, 4mm and 8mm) and four types o f tools were used for the study, i) High Speed Steel Tool, 11) Carbide Tool-Coated, 111) Carbide Tool-Uncoated Brazed and iv ) Carbide Tool-Uncoated indexable.
The data used to evaluate the fuzzy model were taken from the Machinability Hand Book [99] which contams the most appropriate values and ranges used for different types of materials in the industrial environment.
Two fuzzy models were developed for carrying out these calculations. In fuzzy model- 1, the fuzzy metric arcs are overlapped at 50% and in fuzzy model- 2, the fuzzymetnc arcs are overlapped at 33%.
Computer software was developed to implement the model and to predict the cutting conditions for the two materials mentioned above. The results based on the initial models were improved by tuning the models further. The results were then in excellent agreement with the machinability hand book. The programme as it stands is applicable for Medium carbon leaded steel and Freemachimng carbon wrought steel only. However, it could be extended to incorporate different work materials and tool combinations once appropriate data is available." | "v1" |
"2017-02-18T08:45:09.771Z" | "2009-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "140119970" | "s2ag/train" | "Spreading properties of monolayer lubricant films: Effect of bonded molecules
Monolayer lubricant films applied to head disk interface of hard disk drives consist of bonded and mobile molecules. We measured the diffusion coefficient of mobile molecules which spread through the spaces that were not covered with bonded molecules, and revealed its dependence on the coverage and the conformation of bonded molecules." | "v1" |
"2019-04-28T13:12:46.965Z" | "2012-12-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "137537620" | "s2ag/train" | "Research on Aging Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Hydrogenated Transformer Oil
Under the condition of Baader aging, the chemical composition variation and the effect of transformer oil aging on electrical properties such as dielectric loss factor and physic-chemical properties such as kinematic viscosity were studied during aging. Moreover, the correlation between hydrogenated transformer oil electrical and physic-chemical properties and its chemical composition variation were investigated." | "v1" |
"2019-04-12T13:52:38.430Z" | "1971-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "108659920" | "s2ag/train" | "Prestressing System for H. B. Robinson Nuclear Plant
A prestressing steel tendon was designed and used for vertical prestressing of the containment. It consisted of six high strength steel bars within a galvanized steel pipe. The tendon was shop assembled with minimum field assembly required. Procedures were developed to protect the tendon from corrosion during a lengthy field construction period and a special portland cement grout mix was developed for final grouting. The entire 150 foot high tendon was grouted once after tests showed the procedures to be successful. The paper describes the containment, the structural function of the tendons, tests which were run on tendon materials and hardware, erection of the tendons, stressing and grouting of the tendons." | "v1" |
"2016-09-01T08:36:37.373Z" | "2003-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "208170" | "s2ag/train" | "Computer programme for speech impediment diagnosis and therapy
Abstract The article contains a description of a computer programme which supports diagnosis and therapy of stuttering. The application of computer technology allows for carrying out current analysis of the speech fluency disturbance level in the course of the whole therapeutic procedure. The main features of the process are: identification, classification, record of non-fluent fragments in the form of sound files and creation of a database of fluent counterparts and instructions. Most of the tasks are performed by a computer, controlled by the programme presented herein." | "v1" |
"2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "1996-02-15T00:00:00.000Z" | "12166070" | "s2ag/train" | "Localization and active transport of mRNA in axons of sympathetic neurons in culture
In neurons, the establishment and maintenance of distinct somatic, dendritic, and axonal domains has long been known to rely on regulated traffic of organelles and proteins. More recently, the local targeting of specific mRNAs has also been demonstrated, at least in dendrites, to provide a local supply of specific proteins. Here we set out to test directly for the presence of mRNA in axons of cultured chick sympathetic neurons, to examine their distribution during axonal outgrowth, to determine the reliance of this distribution on specific cytoskeletal elements, and to assess whether the axonal and somatic mRNA complements differ. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization, we found that sympathetic axons do contain poly(A+) mRNA along their length in a pattern that changes gradually as axons elongate, from an evenly dispersed punctate distribution with strong growth cone staining to a distribution focused at branch points, varicosities, and some growth cones. Selective perturbations of the cytoskeleton revealed that the presence of axonal mRNA was dependent on microtubules (MTs), but not actin filaments, indicating that mRNA transport and/or anchoring within the axon are active processes involving MTs. Finally, reverse transcription-PCR amplification of RNAs from the axonal and somatic compartments showed that beta-actin mRNA was present in both compartments, whereas mRNA encoding alpha-tubulin was restricted to the somatic compartment and entirely absent from the axons. Thus, the mRNA populations in the soma versus the axon are both quantitatively and qualitatively different, and these neurons are able to direct specific mRNAs to the axon." | "v1" |
"2019-03-13T13:28:19.138Z" | "2002-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "76348070" | "s2ag/train" | "Safety of Antimicrobials Applied in the Middle Ear Cavity.
A literature review of the safety or ototoxicity of antimicrobials applied to the middle ear cavity was performed. Animal experiments indicated ototoxic effects of otic drops used for the treatment of suppurative otitis media as well as some antiseptic solutions used for preoperative sterilization for the middle ear surgery. Clinical experience indicated fewer adverse effects following the use of antimicrobials and antiseptics in the middle ear cavity, although scant but serious side effects have been reported in the literature. The discrepancy of animal experiment and clinical experience is due largely to the anatomical differences of the cochlea, the round window of rodents are very thin and exposed into the middle ear cavity, whereas that of humans is thick and situated deep in the niche, and often covered with a pseudomembrane.We evaluated the safety of recently marketed eardrops Ofloxacin (OFLX) and Fosfomycin sodium (FOM). Based on the lack of reduction of the compound action potential in guinea pigs, we concluded that there was no ototoxic effect using OFLX or FOM.Also, the ototoxic effect of a Povidone-Iodine preparation was studied. Full strength solution instilled into the middle ear cavity did not cause sensorineural hearing loss at the 24 hours, indicating that rinsing the middle ear cavity with saline during surgery should prevent ototoxic effects of this product." | "v1" |
"2019-09-11T02:02:46.873Z" | "2019-08-26T00:00:00.000Z" | "202211220" | "s2ag/train" | "Single-shot electrons and protons time-resolved detection from high-intensity laser–solid matter interactions at SPARC_LAB
Laser–plasma interactions have been studied in detail over the past twenty years, as they show great potential for the next generation of particle accelerators. The interaction between an ultra-intense laser and a solid-state target produces a huge amount of particles: electrons and photons (X-rays and $\unicode[STIX]{x03B3}$ -rays) at early stages of the process, with protons and ions following them. At SPARC_LAB Test Facility we have set up two diagnostic lines to perform simultaneous temporally resolved measurements on both electrons and protons." | "v1" |
"2021-10-24T06:16:38.133Z" | "2021-11-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "239473070" | "s2ag/train" | "Need for caution when interpreting Xpert® MTB/RIF results for rifampin resistance among children.
BACKGROUND: Recommended by the World Health Organization as an initial diagnostic test for TB in children, Xpert® MTB/RIF is widely implemented in many countries, including Kenya.METHODS: Three hundred HIV-positive and negative children (<5 years) were enrolled in Kisumu County, Kenya, from October 2013 to August 2015. Multiple specimen types were collected from each child and tested using Xpert, liquid culture, and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST). Samples positive for rifampin (RIF) resistance on Xpert were tested using line-probe assay and sequencing.RESULTS: Of 32 children with bacteriologically confirmed TB, 27 had positive Xpert results. Of these, 3/27 (11%, 95% CI 4-28) had RIF resistance detected on Xpert, but not by phenotypic DST, line-probe assay, or sequencing. For these three children, five Xpert tests showed RIF resistance; all five tests had semi-quantitative "very low" results and delay or absence of probe D signal, whereas no Xpert results with higher semi-quantitative results showed RIF resistance. All three children responded well to standard TB treatment.CONCLUSIONS: False RIF resistance may be detected in pediatric specimens. Further study is needed to determine if false RIF resistance is associated with low bacterial load." | "v1" |
"2017-02-10T02:03:59.151Z" | "1997-07-13T00:00:00.000Z" | "23366720" | "s2ag/train" | "Sources for OTH radar array calibration
Modern over-the-horizon (OTH) radars currently being developed for coastal surveillance incorporate antenna arrays which are to be erected quickly with minimal site preparation. For such arrays, array calibration is necessary. Meteors, noise sources and beacons (special sources) may be used for calibrating these OTH radars. In this paper we discuss some properties of these sources from an array calibration perspective, with the major emphasis on meteors. For calibrating a 16 element OTH radar array, one requires 20-30 plane-wave sources for each frequency of interest within the operating frequency band. The sources need to be stationary over the observation interval, which must consist of at least 5-10 snapshots. Further, the sources must have signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in excess of 20-25dB." | "v1" |
"2018-01-23T22:48:40.669Z" | "2011-05-02T00:00:00.000Z" | "46307520" | "s2ag/train" | "ADAPT: abstraction hierarchies to succinctly model teamwork
In this paper we present a lightweight teamwork implementation through use of abstraction hierarchies. The basis of this implementation is ADAPT, which supports Autonomous Dynamic Agent Planning for Teamwork. ADAPT's novelty stems from how it succinctly decomposes teamwork problems into two separate planners: a task network for the set of activities to be performed by a specific agent and a separate group network for addressing team organization factors. Because abstract search techniques are the basis for creating these two components, ADAPT agents are able to effectively address teamwork in dynamic environments without explicitly enumerating the entire set of possible team states. During run-time, ADAPT agents then expand the teamwork states that are necessary for task completion through an association algorithm to dynamically link its task and group planners. As a result, ADAPT uses far fewer team states than existing teamwork models. We describe how ADAPT was implemented within a commercial training and simulation application, and present evidence detailing its success in concisely and effectively modeling teamwork." | "v1" |
"2018-05-09T00:43:46.005Z" | "2018-04-05T00:00:00.000Z" | "19170270" | "s2ag/train" | "An experimental platform for triaxial high-pressure/high-temperature testing of rocks using computed tomography.
A conventional high-pressure/high-temperature experimental apparatus for combined geomechanical and flow-through testing of rocks is not X-ray compatible. Additionally, current X-ray transparent systems for computed tomography (CT) of cm-sized samples are limited to design temperatures below 180 °C. We describe a novel, high-temperature (>400 °C), high-pressure (>2000 psi/>13.8 MPa confining, >10 000 psi/>68.9 MPa vertical load) triaxial core holder suitable for X-ray CT scanning. The new triaxial system permits time-lapse imaging to capture the role of effective stress on fluid distribution and porous medium mechanics. System capabilities are demonstrated using ultimate compressive strength (UCS) tests of Castlegate sandstone. In this case, flooding the porous medium with a radio-opaque gas such as krypton before and after the UCS test improves the discrimination of rock features such as fractures. The results of high-temperature tests are also presented. A Uintah Basin sample of immature oil shale is heated from room temperature to 459 °C under uniaxial compression. The sample contains kerogen that pyrolyzes as temperature rises, releasing hydrocarbons. Imaging reveals the formation of stress bands as well as the evolution and connectivity of the fracture network within the sample as a function of time." | "v1" |
"2018-10-18T02:58:04.828Z" | "2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "53464970" | "s2ag/train" | "Bermudagrasses Show Diverse Responses to Shade
Trees out-compete turfgrasses for light, water and nutrients. However, the response of different cultivars to shade varies widely. Trees are not going away from golf courses any time soon. They provide shade for players; make land use more efficient by separating fairways; increase golf course difficulty; enhance aesthetic value by screening roads, cars and buildings; protect errant shots from hitting pedestrians or cars; and provide a natural wildlife sanctuary and habitat for birds (Lilly 1999). Regardless of the shade source, turfgrass growth and development are inhibited when plant light interception is suboptimal. An estimated 25 percent of turfgrass growth is impacted by light restrictions (Beard, 1997). Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) decline in shade can be attributed to excessive shoot production. Beard and Beard (2005) define shade as, "a turfed or ground surface overshadowed by plant foliage such as a tree canopy or by an opaque structure; typically the interception of sunlight occurs." When light is blocked, bermudagrass stoloniferous growth slows and vertical growth is initiated in search of sunlight. Due to this morphological change, bermudagrass depletes carbohydrate reserves and severely reduces its recuperative ability from daily mowing, traffic and divots. Cultural practices to enhance turfgrass performance in shade include raising mowing heights (Bunnell and McCarty, 2004), applying plant growth regulators (Bunnell and McCarty, 2004), and reducing nitrogen rates (Bell and Danneberger, 1999). Bermudagrasses are the most popular warm-season turfgrass in warmer climate zones in the country (Shearman, 2006). In order to assist turfgrass managers when Visual quality comparison ofTiftNo.4 (left) and Tifivay folloimng five weeks of 64 percent continuous shade." | "v1" |
"2016-04-07T00:00:00.000Z" | "1989-02-21T00:00:00.000Z" | "31428520" | "s2ag/train" | "Graphical visualization of the topology of token ring network
The purpose of this program is to visualize the operation of a token ring. The software has two parts; the first part explains the topology of the token ring network (frame format, multiple bridges and gate), and the second part depicts data transmission in single and multiple structures. The software is written in Pascal for IBM-AT's attached to a token ring network." | "v1" |
"2019-03-16T13:05:58.356Z" | "2006-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "79374620" | "s2ag/train" | "In-time rating of continuously cast semis by means of hybrid quality models
An efficient and reliable in-time determination of surface and internal quality of continuous cast products can deliver a considerable contribution to cost reduction and efficiency improvement of steel plants. Currently economic losses and environmental impacts are caused by downgrading slabs or billets, additionally due to conditioning an increased material and energy consumption occur. Nowadays the development of quality prediction models is supported by the availability of automatic inspection systems (e.g. surface inspection) for hot and cold rolled strips and bars. When developing and validating a quality model concerning defects which occur at downstream process steps after casting the information of an inspection system is more reliable than human decisions and the model can be adjusted to more accuracy. During the project at three different casting plants the occurrence of quality defects at slabs and billets was examined. Data describing the production conditions and features of the raw material were collected to build data bases representing the production of cast semis. From inspection stands or by individual analysis information was collected about the quality state of the cast semis or the products of further processing. E.g. slabs were inspected especially concerning depressions, billets and rolled bars and wire were checked concerning the occurrence of surface defects like shells. These data has been arranged to relate quality results to the process conditions. For finding relationships modem techniques of data analysis and data mining (search for relations between data by means of special algorithms) have been adapted to the necessities of technological production data. Software tools have been developed for the pre-processing of the data, for the mentioned analysis, for the visualization of process data and for the development and application of models. BFI adapted existing tools for the pre-processing of data, for data management and for analysis and model development. Techniques from statistics and from data mining like decision trees or neural networks were used for the dependency analysis between process and quality data. A software system was developed including facilities for data pre-processing, data management, dependency analysis and model development. Especially the development of the dependency analysis was stressed to build an easy-to-use software tool also for inexperienced users. Additionally a fuzzy logic based software tool was built to include experiences and knowledge of experts and operators by means of verbal rules into a computable rule base. All these components were integrated into one system, the Quality Evaluation System (QES). Data of Sidenor were examined to test the components of the system and to support Sidenor in its work of finding relevant process parameters for the occurrence of quality deviations. Sidenor collected data at its caster at Basauri plant from the production of billets and the quality inspection stands at Basauri and Vitoria. Specia 1 measurement and tracking campaigns were executed to get related process and quality data. Statistical analysis were undertaken to find influencing process parameters and to develop models for the prediction of billet/bar/wire quality. Models were generated and applied to the plant's computer system to support operators in detecting quality decreasing process behaviour. CSM and TenarisDalmine worked together to develop models for the generation/occurrence of defects at TenarisDalmine's billet caster and pipe rolling facilities at Bergamo. Process data of the billet caster and information concerning the quality of the billets and pipes were collected, additionally metallographic examinations were done. TenarisDalmine performs simple statistic examinations, whereas CSM used distance based clustering techniques and Artificial Neural Networks to find models detecting quality decreasing process behaviour." | "v1" |
"2019-04-16T13:28:40.084Z" | "2016-06-06T00:00:00.000Z" | "115964720" | "s2ag/train" | "Reproducibility needs clearer terminology, paper says
The term “reproducibility” has been used as a stand-in for a variety of problems: data openness, experimental design, statistical analysis, or corroborating studies, for example. That means researchers are often miscommunicating when they talk about reproducibility, according to a commentary in the journal Science Translational Medicine. Authors Steven N. Goodman, Daniele Fanelli, and John P. A. Ioannidis of Stanford University suggest that “reproducibility” might be the wrong term to reflect worries in the scientific community that research cannot be confirmed (2016 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5027). Instead, the community should refer to “cumulative evidence” or “truth” in science. The authors suggest that the term “reproducibility” should be broken into three areas. “Methods reproducibility” refers to using the exact procedures, data, and tools to achieve the same result. “Results reproducibility” is the ability to corroborate the results using similar methods. “Inferential reproducibility” is drawing..." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T03:12:58.967Z" | "2014-05-08T00:00:00.000Z" | "1391620" | "s2ag/train" | "Energetic and structural study of bisphenols.
We have studied thermochemical, thermophysical and structural properties of bisphenols A, E, F, and AP. In particular, the standard enthalpies of sublimation and the standard enthalpies of formation in the gas phase at 298.15 K for all these species were experimentally determined. A computational study, through M05-2X density functional theory, of the various species shed light on structural effects and further confirmed, by means of the isodesmic reaction scheme, the excellent consistency of the experimental results. Our results reflect also the fact that energetic substituent effects are transferable from diphenylalkanes to bisphenols." | "v1" |
"2019-04-14T13:08:09.349Z" | "2003-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "111539670" | "s2ag/train" | "An Effective Radar Noise Jamming Technology
The features of noise jamming and formation are discussed on the basis of noise jamming principle. Radar maximal operation range under noise jamming is introduced in logarithm method. The faature of the variation of the amplitude of signals received by target and jammer with range,the effect of effective radiated power density on the detection ability of radar are simulated." | "v1" |
"2019-03-13T13:39:09.684Z" | "2008-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "76167070" | "s2ag/train" | "Treatment Analysis of 563 Wounded Patients in the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu after the Wenchuan Earthquake
Objective To analyze retrospectively the overall situation of medical rescue in the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu after the Wenchuan earthquake,so as to provide references for the emergency preparedness for the disaster of earthquake.Methods The analysis was based on the data provided by the Department of Information,the Medical Record Library,the Department of Emergency,the Department of Orthopaedics and other related departments of the Hospital up to 8 a.m.of July 12.The software of Microsoft EXCEL was used for data input,and SPSS 11.5 was used for statistical analysis.Results Up to July 12,563 cases from the disaster area had been treated in the hospital,of whom 249 were admitted into the outpatient department and 314 into the inpatient department,including 287 men and 276 women,with a median age of 42 years(28,57) in the outpatient department and a median age of 46 years(33,65) in the inpatient department.The inpatients' age was older than the outpatients's(P=0.003).Most outpatients were sent to the hospital within the first 3 days after the quake(73.50%),while less than half of the inpatients were sent to the hospital during this period of time.The wounded were mainly from Dujiangyan,Aba Prefecture and Pengzhou,which was correlated with the transportation distance,the casualty and the condition of the local hospitals.The wounded were mainly admitted into the Departments of Orthopaedics(69.3%),Neurosurgery(15.6%) and General Surgery(3.7%).The total cost in the Department of Orthopaedics was the highest,followed by the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) and the Department of Neurosurgery.However,the median cost in the ICU was the highest,followed by the Department of Neurosurgery and the Department of Nephrology.Only 9 out of the 563 patients died,including 5 outpatients and 4 inpatients,of whom 8 deaths were due to craniocerebral injury and 1 died of crush syndrome.Conclusion Based on the data,it is of vital importance to develop an emergent plan for the medical rescue after an earthquake disaster,and to strengthen the reserve of medical supplies,personnel training,scientific field triage as well as the construction of information platforms." | "v1" |
"2019-05-24T13:07:43.201Z" | "1994-06-05T00:00:00.000Z" | "162270870" | "s2ag/train" | "Stalinism, Imperialism, and Cuba
A couple of suggestions for articles you might consider doing. Much is made in the anti-left propaganda about the millions who died as a result of Stalin's policies, the gulags, etc. But has anybody done a body count of the casualties of U.S. anti-Communist activities? You suggest two in the latest issue—the East Timor invasion and the suppression of the Communists in Malaysia which I will bet were at least partially a result of U.S. pressure. And then there were the millions who died in China because the United States backed the nationalists and prolonged the civil war; the Korean War which was a direct product of that U.S. policy; and the Vietnam War. And then the creation and prolongation of the Angolan civil war as a result of U.S. activities; the present mess in Afghanistan ditto; the staggering casualties in Central and South America as a result of U.S.-sponsored and backed anti-Communist policies, and so on and on. The total of all these activities, even if one confined the count to the post-Second World War era, must be quite staggering. Shouldn't it be reported? This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website." | "v1" |
"2021-10-15T16:03:42.525Z" | "2021-10-09T00:00:00.000Z" | "242473870" | "s2ag/train" | "Modelling of the chemical potential in precipitation models
ABSTRACT Modelling of precipitation in concentrated binary alloys requires to revisit the fundamentals of precipitation. While no experimental approach can provide information accurate enough for this purpose, Atomic Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations (AKMC) can generate large amounts of data produced in well-controlled conditions. Recently, the extensive analysis of such data has revealed new features about the evolution of clusters during precipitation. In particular, it has been shown that their free energy evolves linearly with the chemical potential of monomers . Their volume is another complex function which evolves with . This quantity can be easily extracted from AKMC simulations: its variable part depends on , the concentration of monomers and , the concentration of pure matrix sites, neglected in classical approaches. Cluster dynamics (CD) behaves as a bridge between atomistic simulations and phenomenological models. CD can be applied to concentrated alloys provided one can describe the evolution of the free energy and the volume of clusters as functions of . Therefore, modelling of is the last obstacle to build a complete CD scheme, no longer limited by the concentration or the supersaturation of alloys. For this purpose, two methods are examined and to predict the evolution of during precipitation and compared with the results of AKMC simulations. One is derived from a generalisation of the exact solution in 1D while the other extrapolates the results of AKMC simulations." | "v1" |
"2019-04-19T13:07:49.682Z" | "2009-05-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "121728270" | "s2ag/train" | "Experimental evidence for the thermal origin of 1/f frequency noise in erbium-doped fiber lasers
We present experimental evidence in support of the recent theoretical proposal that intrinsic 1/f frequency noise in short cavity erbium-doped fiber lasers is of thermal origin. We demonstrate that the power spectral density of frequency noise in distributed-feedback fiber lasers (DFB FL) exhibits predicted T{sup 2} temperature dependence across all frequencies over a temperature range of almost 200 K. This temperature dependence is observed both in direct interferometric measurements of frequency noise in a single mode DFB FL and noninterferometric measurements of polarization-beat-frequency noise in a dual frequency DFB FL. It is also shown that frequency noise of orthogonal polarization modes in the dual frequency DFB FL is substantially correlated providing a strong indication of a common origin." | "v1" |
"2018-11-07T20:43:16.101Z" | "2003-09-24T00:00:00.000Z" | "53596570" | "s2ag/train" | "Development of an Inspection System for Cracks on the Lining of Concrete Tunnels
Over the last several decades, many concrete tunnels have been constructed on roads, highways, and railways. For safety in concrete tunnels, periodic inspections have been conducted using nondestructive testing technologies and techniques. However, non-destructive test cannot replace the visual inspection due to their slow and complicated procedures. For this reason, they have been limited to precision inspections. The visual means also need time and there may be subjective in the measured crack data. Here, this study proposes inspection system for fast measuring cracks in tunnel lining and providing objective crack data for safety assessment. The system consists of both image data acquisition system and analysis system. The acquisition system takes images with CCD line-scan cameras. The analysis system extracts crack information from the acquired images using image processing. Measured crack information is crack thickness, length, and orientation. To improve the accuracy of crack recognition, the geometric properties and patterns of cracks in concrete structure should be applied to image processing. This proposed system was verified through a series of experiments in both laboratory and field environment subway tunnel." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T05:42:51.062Z" | "1997-09-02T00:00:00.000Z" | "25068070" | "s2ag/train" | "Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C and UFT for rectal cancer.
To evaluate the significance of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using mitomycin C (MMC) and UFT (tegafur and uracil) in combination, the Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial with 834 patients who had undergone curative resection for rectal cancer (T3 or T4 tumors and/or N1, N2, or N3 disease). The patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group (MMC/UFT, 416 patients) and a control group (surgery only, 418 patients). For patients in the treatment group, 20 mg of MMC was sprinkled on the operating field upon completion of surgery. MMC was intravenously injected at 6 mg/m2 on day 7, and then each month after surgery for 6 months. UFT was administered orally at 400 mg/day for 1 year. Although no difference was observed in the 5-year survival rate between the two groups, the 5-year disease-free survival rate in the MMC/UFT group was 69.1%, which was significantly higher than in the control group (59.3%, P = .005). The 5-year cumulative local recurrence rate was significantly lower in the MMC/UFT group (11.6%) than in the control group (19.0%) (P = .0071). We conclude that the adjuvant use of long-term oral UFT and intermittent intravenous MMC improves the disease-free survival rate of patients with curatively resected rectal cancer." | "v1" |
"2019-03-21T13:13:34.475Z" | "1981-12-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "84422970" | "s2ag/train" | "Biomass, nutrient distribution, and net production in alpine communities of the Kluane Mountains, Yukon Territory, Canada
Biomass and nutrient distribution and aboveground net primary production were determined for two communities growing at 1600 m elevation and five communities growing at about 2000 m elevation in the alpine zone of the Kluane Ranges, Yukon Territory, Canada. Living biomass accumulations ranged from 183 to 1350 g/m2, whereas total organic matter accumulations ranged from 2126 to 51120 g/m2. Nutrient distribution in general reflected organic matter distribution. Highest nutrient concentrations were in leaves and fine roots. Aboveground net primary production ranged from 18.3 to 185.5 g/m2. Primary production appeared to be related most to moisture during the growing season and temperature regimes." | "v1" |
"2017-02-14T07:41:38.968Z" | "2011-06-05T00:00:00.000Z" | "29905470" | "s2ag/train" | "Transmission Analysis of CDMA-Based Wireless Services over Turbulent Radio-on-FSO Links Using Aperture Averaging
In this paper, we study the performance of a Radio over Free-Space Optical (RoFSO) system for transmitting Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signals using aperture averaging (AA) technique, in terms of Carrier-to-Noise-plus- Interference Ratio (CNIR) and outage probability. We propose a modified analytical model for AA, taking into consideration the intermodulation distortion term due to the laser diode nonlinearity and the multiple interference access. By investigating the impact of AA on our model across weak-to-strong turbulence regimes, we show that there is a design tradeoff between the receiver lens aperture and the number of users to achieve a required CNIR ensuring a substantial scintillation fade reduction." | "v1" |
"2015-12-07T19:30:58.999Z" | "2011-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "59797820" | "s2ag/train" | "Developing Real Skills for Virtual Teams
Kip Kelly is Director of Marketing and Public Programs at UNC Executive Development. He is also responsible for the portfolio of non-degree, open enrollment executive education programs available through UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School. Prior to joining UNC, Kip served as Director of Executive Education at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business where he also oversaw the nondegree open-enrollment programs." | "v1" |
"2018-12-19T00:40:16.824Z" | "2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "113518720" | "s2ag/train" | "The Role of Texas Panhandle Extension Economists in Implementing the 2014 Farm Bill
The Agricultural Act of 2014 is considered by many to be the most complicated farm bill in history, requiring both landlords and tenants to make multiple strategic choices and understand a great deal of information. This poster outlines the methods, challenges, and impacts of a successful Extension effort to provide timely educational and technical support to thousands of Texas Panhandle producers facing policy implementation decisions." | "v1" |
"2021-10-30T21:19:22.808Z" | "2021-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "240285720" | "s2ag/train" | "Comparative Study of Post-Marriage Nationality Of Women in Legal Systems of Different Countries
There are differences in the characteristics of judicial review in the Supreme Court and in the Constitutional Court in terms of the object being tested and the use of test stones that are indeed by the authority granted by the 1945 Constitution. The principle of audi et alteram partem is a general principle in the study of law, so the judicial review process in the Supreme Court which is only one-way and closed should not be carried out. This article analyzes and explores the original intent of granting judicial review authority to regional regulations at the Supreme Court. This article is normative legal research conducted by examining legal materials (library studies) or secondary data. The original intent the granting of judicial review authority to the Supreme Court is intended to foster checks and balances between various high state institutions. In addition, the granting of the right of judicial review is intended to enforce checks and balances between the three branches of power." | "v1" |
"2019-03-17T13:03:19.762Z" | "2017-05-31T00:00:00.000Z" | "80503820" | "s2ag/train" | "Improve Adult Health Life in Western Sydeny Through Health Promotion Models
This report will focus on a new health development initiative for the Western Sydney Adolescents and their health needs in terms of promoting physical activity and exercise because it helps them live longer and better lives and become more energetic. The target group are fairly sedentary individuals and consume copious amounts of energy dense foods, which are contributing to the burgeoning obesity risk factors in the community. A sedentary lifestyle contributes towards a range of cardiovascular diseases and health problems including heart disease, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and many types of cancers (Meyer, 2007). Successfully tackling obesity in a health promotion context, is a long-term, large-scale commitment that will require both individual responsibility and action together with a population-based approach, driven by partnerships between governments, businesses, and communities. The current prevalence of obesity in the population has been at least 30 years in the making, and will take considerable time to reverse the trends and its impacts and determinants on health (Roth, 2011). This article will outline the costing requirements and the evaluation methods that will be used in our adolescent obesity health promotion and prevention management strategy. This will be achieved by using a combination of educational and awareness campaigns, public advertising, healthy urban planning, imposing a ban on canteen junk food and establishing a health and wellbeing telephone hotline and social networking group. This will be evaluated for feasibility using cost-benefit analysis to determine whether each strategy or approach is to be implemented or not." | "v1" |
"2019-05-09T13:08:36.454Z" | "2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "147722520" | "s2ag/train" | "Ye Sheng-tao Education Ideology and Modernization of Compulsory Education
Ye Sheng-tao's educational ideology is one of the representative ideas with Chinese characteristics,which includes a series of precise thoughts and viewpoints on education.It is invaluable and significant for us to do research on Ye's educational ideology for the purpose of deep interpretation and implementation new laws of compulsory education and rapid realization of its modernization." | "v1" |
"2019-05-16T13:05:27.535Z" | "2005-10-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "154960520" | "s2ag/train" | "Probability distributions and leveraged trading strategies: an application of Gaussian mixture models to the Morgan Stanley Technology Index Tracking Fund
The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to assess the merit of estimating probability density functions rather than level or direction forecasts for one-day-ahead forecasts of the Morgan Stanley Technology Index Tracking Fund (MTK). This is implemented using a Gaussian mixture model neural network, benchmarking the results against standard forecasting models, namely a naïve model, a moving average convergence divergence technical model (MACD), an autoregressive moving average model (ARMA), a logistic regression model (LOGIT) and a multi-layer perceptron network (MLP). Secondly, we examine the possibilities of improving the trading performance of those models with confirmation filters and leverage. While the two network models outperform all of the benchmark models, the Gaussian mixture model does best: it is worth noting that it does well on a time series where the training period is showing a strong uptrend while the out-of-sample period is characterized by a downtrend." | "v1" |
"2019-04-14T13:06:29.154Z" | "2011-03-11T00:00:00.000Z" | "111531120" | "s2ag/train" | "LESSONS LEARNED FROM DISTRESS OF FOUNDATIONS ON EXPANSIVE CLAYS IN THE ACTIVE ZONE
The high initial cost for a deep foundation system with a structurally suspended floor slab for light commercial and retail buildings on expansive clays would make many, if not most, projects economically prohibitive. Reality is that such structures are commonly supported on a hybrid foundation system where exterior walls and interior columns are supported on a relatively deep foundation system, and the floor slab bears on a pad of fill on expansive clays in the active zone. Most foundation systems of this design experience tolerable movements, but some experience significant distress resulting in damaging the building. This paper presents case studies on common design and construction defects (some would appear minor) that can contribute significantly to distress, and offers suggestions to address these issues." | "v1" |
"2015-03-20T15:25:33.000Z" | "2014-08-20T00:00:00.000Z" | "239620" | "s2ag/train" | "On the Reception of Concurrent Transmissions in Wireless Sensor Networks
Numerous studies have shown that concurrent transmissions can help boost wireless network performance despite the possibility of packet collisions. However, while these works provide empirical evidence that concurrent transmissions may be received reliably, existing signal capture models only partially explain the root causes of this phenomenon. We present a comprehensive mathematical model for MSK-modulated signals that makes the reasons explicit and thus provides fundamental insights into the key parameters governing the successful reception of colliding transmissions. A major contribution is the closed-form derivation of the receiver bit decision variable for an arbitrary number of colliding signals and constellations of power ratios, time offsets, and carrier phase offsets. We systematically explore the factors for successful packet delivery under concurrent transmissions across the whole parameter space of the model. We confirm the capture threshold behavior observed in previous studies but also reveal new insights relevant to the design of optimal protocols. We identify capture zones depending not only on the signal power ratio but also on time and phase offsets." | "v1" |
"2015-07-06T21:03:06.000Z" | "2014-06-23T00:00:00.000Z" | "14087420" | "s2ag/train" | "Temporal Segmentation of Egocentric Videos
The use of wearable cameras makes it possible to record life logging egocentric videos. Browsing such long unstructured videos is time consuming and tedious. Segmentation into meaningful chapters is an important first step towards adding structure to egocentric videos, enabling efficient browsing, indexing and summarization of the long videos. Two sources of information for video segmentation are (i) the motion of the camera wearer, and (ii) the objects and activities recorded in the video. In this paper we address the motion cues for video segmentation. Motion based segmentation is especially difficult in egocentric videos when the camera is constantly moving due to natural head movement of the wearer. We propose a robust temporal segmentation of egocentric videos into a hierarchy of motion classes using a new Cumulative Displacement Curves. Unlike instantaneous motion vectors, segmentation using integrated motion vectors performs well even in dynamic and crowded scenes. No assumptions are made on the underlying scene structure and the method works in indoor as well as outdoor situations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using publicly available videos as well as choreographed videos. We also suggest an approach to detect the fixation of wearer's gaze in the walking portion of the egocentric videos." | "v1" |
"2017-04-15T04:00:06.497Z" | "2002-09-03T00:00:00.000Z" | "2505520" | "s2ag/train" | "Left Ventricular Systolic Unloading and Augmentation of Intracoronary Pressure and Doppler Flow During Enhanced External Counterpulsation
Background—Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive, pneumatic technique that provides beneficial effects for patients with chronic, symptomatic angina pectoris. However, the physiological effects of EECP have not been studied directly. We examined intracoronary and left ventricular hemodynamics in the cardiac catheterization laboratory during EECP. Methods and Results—Ten patients referred for diagnostic evaluation underwent left heart catheterization and coronary angiography from the radial artery. At baseline and then during EECP, central aortic pressure, intracoronary pressure, and intracoronary Doppler flow velocity were measured using a coronary catheter, a sensor-tipped high-fidelity pressure guidewire, and a Doppler flow guidewire, respectively. Similar to changes in aortic pressure, EECP resulted in a dramatic increase in diastolic (71±10 mm Hg at baseline to 137±21 mm Hg during EECP; +93%;P <0.0001) and mean intracoronary pressures (88±9 to 102±16 mm Hg; +16%;P =0.006) with a decrease in systolic pressure (116±20 to 99±26 mm Hg; −15%;P =0.002). The intracoronary Doppler measure of average peak velocity increased from 11±5 cm/s at baseline to 23±5 cm/s during EECP (+109%;P =0.001). The TIMI frame count, a quantitative angiographic measure of coronary flow, showed a 28% increase in coronary flow during EECP compared with baseline (P =0.001). Conclusions—EECP unequivocally and significantly increases diastolic and mean pressures and reduces systolic pressure in the central aorta and the coronary artery. Coronary artery flow, determined by both Doppler and angiographic techniques, is increased during EECP. The combined effects of systolic unloading and increased coronary perfusion pressure provide evidence that EECP may serve as a potential mechanical assist device." | "v1" |
"2019-04-14T13:07:35.436Z" | "2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "112951720" | "s2ag/train" | "Freeze Casting Process and its Basic Process Principle and Methods
FCP is a kind of environment-conscious technology which accord with the modern foundry development tendency.Compared with other kind of precise casting processes,FCP can reduce the environment pollution caused by pattern and molding materials as well as realize near net casting.The social significance and development situation of FCP was described,the basic principle of present FCP processes and process methods was analyzed,and their existing normal problems were discussed including: requirements for ice pattern,ice pattern making method,properties the mold shell and molding materials should have under the condition of freezing,choice of the materials and their treating process.The future development orientation of this kind of casting process was also discussed." | "v1" |
"2020-01-08T16:07:58.562Z" | "1979-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "210050020" | "s2ag/train" | "Exploration Targets in the Northern Regions of Checheno-Ingushetia and North Osetia
The study area is to the north of the Tersk Range along the middle course of the Terek River. Tectonically it is in the inner fold zone and sub-platform outer border of the Tersko-Caspian foreland downwarp. The Severo-Tersk structural step is the last range of foreland folding and is reflected only in units of the Paleogene and Cretaceous. The higher occurring Neogene beds here dip monoclinally to the north. Seismic surveying and drilling within the area of this structural step have disclosed three subsided structures: the Mineral, Severo-Mineral, and Severo-Malgobek. See Fig. 1. Several other structures are indicated. Wildcat drilling on Upper Cretaceous sediments in these areas has brought in oil fields, but they have not yet been outlined. The Severo-Malgobek high is an asymmetric anticline with angles of dip of 8-10° on the north flank and 45-50° on the south. It is cut by a normal fault. It is about 20 km long and 4-6 km wide. Height is 250-270 m. Oil flows of 250 and 410 tons per day are reported. El’dorovo part" | "v1" |
"2017-08-15T12:10:17.959Z" | "2013-10-15T00:00:00.000Z" | "28016870" | "s2ag/train" | "Microvascular function in younger adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome: role of oxidative stress.
Older adults with cardiovascular disease exhibit microvascular dysfunction and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that microvascular impairments begin early in the disease process and can be improved by scavenging ROS. Forearm blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) was measured in 45 young (32 ± 2 yr old) adults (n = 15/group) classified as lean, obese, and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). Vasodilation in response to endothelial (ACh) and vascular smooth muscle [nitroprusside (NTP) and epoprostenol (Epo)] agonists was tested before and after intra-arterial infusion of ascorbic acid to scavenge ROS. Vasodilation was assessed as a rise in relative vascular conductance (ml·min(-1)·dl(-1)·100 mmHg(-1)). ACh and NTP responses were preserved (P = 0.825 and P = 0.924, respectively), whereas Epo responses were lower in obese and MetSyn adults (P < 0.05) than in lean controls. Scavenging of ROS via infusion of ascorbic acid resulted in an increase in ACh-mediated (P < 0.001) and NTP-mediated (P < 0.001) relative vascular conductance across all groups, suggesting that oxidative stress influences vascular responsiveness in adults with and without overt cardiovascular disease risk. Ascorbic acid had no effect on Epo-mediated vasodilation (P = 0.267). These results suggest that obese and MetSyn adults exhibit preserved endothelium-dependent vasodilation with reduced dependence on prostacyclin and are consistent with an upregulation of compensatory vascular control mechanisms." | "v1" |
"2019-05-19T19:32:05.471Z" | "2017-02-10T00:00:00.000Z" | "169004220" | "s2ag/train" | "Improvement of Public Library Services Quality: A Strategic Plan by Interpretive Structural Modeling and MICMAC (Case Study: Yazd City Public Libraries in Iran)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a strategic plan to improve the quality of public libraries in order to resolve financial barriers and better internal processes using structural modeling of interpretations of the library experts. Methodology: This research conducted using a single cross-sectional survey fieldwork. Methods of data collection include questionnaires, interviews and library studies. We selected 3 public libraries among all public libraries of Yazd city randomly and chose 7 experts by their mastery and proficiency. They filled a researcher-made questionnaire consisted of important factors affecting quality of services in public libraries. Then, we used structural modeling and MICMAC method to find infrastructural, middle and superstructural elements of improvement. Findings: The extracted model suggest that “financial resources” and “staffing library experts for library affairs” are the base in order to use and develop plans and objectives of public libraries. These Factors were highly influencing ones that affected other factors. Originality/Value: Using the suggested strategic plan can help the managers of public libraries to set priorities of action. Right priority setting also can help improvement of services." | "v1" |
"2021-05-18T00:03:16.419Z" | "2020-06-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "234702770" | "s2ag/train" | "THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF A FERTILIZER AGE COUPLE ABOUT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH WITH HUSBAND PARTICIPATION IN FAMILY PLANNING
Abstract
Background. Men and women have the same rights to obtain information andequal access in fulfilling needs regarding reproductive health. Efforts to developreproductive health are not only a person's problem, but also a family concern.The issue of gender equality and men's responsibility in relation to reproductivehealth and family planning (KB) is a new paradigm for the family planningprogram that was born from the Cairo Agreement in 1994. One of the obstaclesto efforts to increase men's participation in family planning is that there is still amisconception in society that tends to targeting women in‟ reproductive problems.This could be due to the lack of knowledge that families have about women'sreproductive health issues. Purposes research.This is to find out the knowledgeand attitudes of a married couple about women's reproductive health problems.Method.The study design was non-experimental with a cross sectional approach.The research was conducted in the working area of Puskesams Rejosari with apopulation of fertile aged couples who have at least 1 child and are still usingcontraception. The sampling technique was simple random. Test analysis using thechi square. Results. The results showed that the knowledge and attitudes of fertileaged couples about reproductive health were not related to their husband'sparticipation in family planning. (p> 0.05). It is hoped that health workers canpromote family planning in men to increase the husband's participation in familyplanning." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T06:09:46.614Z" | "2007-07-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "23477820" | "s2ag/train" | "Evaluating the performance of sampling plans to detect hypoglycin A in ackee fruit shipments imported into the United States.
Hypoglycin A (HGA) is a toxic amino acid that is naturally produced in unripe ackee fruit. In 1973, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) placed a worldwide import alert on ackee fruit, which banned the product from entering the United States. The FDA has considered establishing a regulatory limit for HGA and lifting the ban, which will require development of a monitoring program. The establishment of a regulatory limit for HGA requires the development of a scientifically based sampling plan to detect HGA in ackee fruit imported into the United States. Thirty-three lots of ackee fruit were sampled according to an experimental protocol in which 10 samples, i.e., ten 19 oz cans, were randomly taken from each lot and analyzed for HGA by using liquid chromatography. The total variance was partitioned into sampling and analytical variance components, which were found to be a function of the HGA concentration. Regression equations were developed to predict the total, sampling, and analytical variances as a function of HGA concentration. The observed HGA distribution among the test results for the 10 HGA samples was compared with the normal and lognormal distributions. A computer model based on the lognormal distribution was developed to predict the performance of sampling plan designs to detect HGA in ackee fruit shipments. The performance of several sampling plan designs was evaluated to demonstrate how to manipulate sample size and accept/reject limits to reduce misclassification of ackee fruit lots." | "v1" |
"2019-04-12T13:55:44.413Z" | "2013-09-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "109633670" | "s2ag/train" | "Research on Performance Effect Factors of Flexural Member for Concrete Filled Rectangular Steel Tube
Today large concrete filled rectangular steel tube members are widely used in large-scale civil engineering. The influence of the concrete filled steel tube members to different types of the steel tube concrete structure, which are with different concrete strength grade, is different. The main factors influenced the flexural member of the concrete filled rectangular steel tube are analysed in this paper." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T00:31:07.768Z" | "2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "12474870" | "s2ag/train" | "Pharmacological treatment of acute stress disorder with propranolol and hypnotics.
INTRODUCTION
Pharmacological treatment of traumarelated mobidity has neither the efficacy nor specificity desired. Thus, several attempts have been made to add new drugs to the usual treatments, in this case with propranolol and hypnotic drugs.
METHOD
We offered this treatment to the victims of the March 11, 2004 terrorism attack who were attended within the first week of this attack for psychiatric reasons (n=21) and who also fulfilled criteria for acute stress disorder (ASD) (n=15) and had no contraindications for the treatment (n=3). Trauma intensity was measured with Horowitz impact of events scale (IES). Significant clinical data were collected.
RESULTS
Propranolol treatment was associated with clinical remission of target symptoms in 63.6 % of the cases, partial response in 27.3 % and no response in 9.1%. Hypnotic treatment was also associated with clinical remission in 61.5 % and partial response in 38.5 %. Statistically significant correlations were found at the beginning for IES with disability, and after the first month with the propranolol and hypnotic responses.
CONCLUSIONS
Propranolol and hypnotic treatments are useful in the decrease of ASD symptoms. IES is very useful to predict disability as well as poor response to propranolol or hypnotic drugs. More studies are needed to confirm the data obtained in our sample." | "v1" |
"2018-12-27T15:06:09.185Z" | "2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "110794470" | "s2ag/train" | "UPDATE ON THE JRA1 PROJECT RESULTS OF ELECTRO-POLISHING OF MULTI-CELL SUPER CONDUCTING RESONATORS
Under the contract RII3-CT-2003-506395 of the European Union improvement on the electro-polishing (EP) of multi cell resonators are made. Several methods to improve resonator performances are studied. Improvement of electrode shape, simulated by numerical computer codes and test set ups are presented. With respect to reproducible cavity performances and industrialization of the EP process, a study for quality control by acid management is started. An automated EP system is developed at INFN Legnaro / Italy and within the collaboration of Legnaro and DESY this automated steering will be integrated into the DESY EP facility. We will report on the status of the WP 5.2.2.and the progress of the transfer of the automated EP" | "v1" |
"2019-03-18T14:02:42.094Z" | "2018-07-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "81525820" | "s2ag/train" | "Hepatitis B: Standard and Novel Treatment Options
The main goals of therapy for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are to prevent the development of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and death from HBV-related liver disease. Despite decades of advancements in HBV therapy, a complete sterilizing cure with eradication of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and integrated HBV DNA remains unattained to this point. Instead, achieving a functional cure with undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA with HBsAb seroconversion, along with resolution of residual liver injury and a decrease in the risk for HCC, appears to be a tangible goal." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T00:09:44.178Z" | "1973-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "1699810" | "s2ag/train" | "Temperature dependence of CD spectra of DNA from various sources
The CD spectra of DNA from various sources (T2; T4; Cd; Escherichia coli; calf thymus; Streptomyces chrysomalis) were investigated. A new band Δε210 in the CD spectra of glucosylated DNA of the T even phages was found. The temperature dependence of the CD spectra of DNA was obtained over a wide range of temperatures, including those of the helix–coil transition." | "v1" |
"2021-08-27T16:56:20.298Z" | "2021-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "237851010" | "s2ag/train" | "Research-Informed Adaptable Model for the Prevention of Suicide in Schools (RAMPSS)
With increased suicide rates among youth during recent decades, the K–12 educational community still lacks a comprehensive model for suicide prevention that is tailorable for school systems. With this article, we present the Research-Informed Adaptable Model for the Prevention of Suicide in Schools (RAMPSS). A multitiered system of support, RAMPSS includes (a) all four major components of the American School Counselor Association National Model and (b) options for research-based responsive services at each tier level." | "v1" |
"2020-02-21T23:02:49.179Z" | "2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "211239760" | "s2ag/train" | "Introduction To Programming With C Brief Version
Introduction to java programming brief version y liang, introduction to java programming tutorial, c wikipedia, introduction to java programming brief version global, introduction to java programming brief version y, liang introduction to programming with c brief version, introduction to the c language and the net framework, amazon com an introduction to programming in java, liang instructor solutions manual for introduction to, an introduction to c and c programming tutorial brief, introduction to java programming brief version amazon in, amazon com introduction to programming with c plus, what is the latest version of the c programming language, introduction to java programming brief version 11th ed, 2 3 introduction to programming freebsd, introduction to java programming brief version 11th edition, introduction to c programming setup codeblocks, introduction to java programming comprehensive version, github jsquared21 intro to java programming solutions, c introduction c programming dyclassroom have fun, introduction to programming with c brief version pdf by, introduction to the java programming language, c programming language wikipedia, introduction to programming with c brief version book, introduction to java programming eleventh edition, introduction to java programming comprehensive version, introduction to java programming brief version 10th, introduction to java programming brief version 11th, introduction to c learn c and c programming, introduction to java programming and data structures, introduction to java programming brief version global, introduction to java programming brief version book, introduction to java programming brief version global, introduction to java programming comprehensive version by, introduction to java programming brief version 10th, introduction to java programming brief version 10th, introduction to c c programming, introduction to r programming, introduction to android programming the crazy programmer, introduction to java programming brief version 10th, introduction to java programming tenth edition, introduction to programming in" | "v1" |
"2019-01-23T22:21:04.456Z" | "2015-11-20T00:00:00.000Z" | "58308510" | "s2ag/train" | "Promoting ILL/DD within the Jiangsu Academic Library & Information System in China by small consortia
Purpose – This paper aims to describe and analyse the interlibrary loan and document delivery (ILL/DD) in university libraries in Jiangsu Province, China, and to evaluate the service quality of one library as an example of how to improve. Design/methodology/approach – This paper first describes the ILL/DD of the Jiangsu Academic Library & Information System (JALIS). It then provides an analysis of the problems in JALIS ILL/DD and gives some suggestions for improvement. Finally, it evaluates the service quality of one library’s ILL/DD based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Findings – It is found that JALIS ILL/DD can be done better via small consortia and discipline centres, and that AHP can be used to evaluate the service quality of a library’s ILL/DD. Social implications – More patrons can access better service, and the work effectiveness of librarians can be improved. Originality/value – This paper is helpful to librarians interested in ILL/DD or resource sharing in China." | "v1" |
"2019-02-13T14:02:18.109Z" | "2004-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "60680010" | "s2ag/train" | "Assessment of Wave-Induced Liquefaction in a Porous Seabed: Application of an ANN Model
An evaluation of wave-induced liquefaction is one of the most important factors, which must be considered in the design of marine structures. Numerous models for wave-induced liquefaction have been proposed in the past. However, all previous models have been based on the conventional approaches of engineering mechanics with limited laboratory work. Unlike previous research, we propose an alterative approach, based on an artificial neural network (ANN), for the prediction of the maximum liquefaction depth. Numerical examples demonstrate the capacity of the proposed ANN model for the prediction of wave-induced liquefaction depth, which provides civil engineers with another effective tool." | "v1" |
"2019-05-07T13:10:25.615Z" | "2015-04-28T00:00:00.000Z" | "146067510" | "s2ag/train" | "Hotlinking prevention-based channel playing implementation method, system and equipment
The invention discloses hotlinking prevention-based channel playing implementation method, system and equipment. The method includes the steps: a live streaming server receives a video watching request sent by a client and generates a live broadcast permission character string according to a timestamp and a preset key; the live streaming server transmits the live broadcast permission character string and a first video clip to the client; the live streaming server receives a video clip acquiring request which is sent by the client and which carries the live broadcast permission character string; the live streaming server checks on the client according to a period of validity of the live broadcast permission character string, updates the period of validity of the live broadcast permission character string if checking is passed and returns to a next video clip and the updated live broadcast permission character string until that all video clips are acquired. The method has the advantages that hotlinking is prevented through a real-time live broadcast authorization mechanism when users use video resources of channels, and the fact that the unauthorized users use the video resources is better avoided." | "v1" |
"2017-10-17T08:52:15.011Z" | "2001-05-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "57613460" | "s2ag/train" | "Clinical Study Guide for the Oral Boards in Psychiatry
The "Clinical Study Guide for the Oral Boards in Psychiatry, Third Edition, " is exactly what every candidate needs to ease pre-exam anxiety and ensure success on this crucial examination.The third edition of this unique and proven reference incorporates the updated diagnoses reflected in DSM-IV-TR, presenting pertinent clinical information regarding the assessment and treatment of patients you're most likely to encounter during the oral boards in psychiatry--all in a concise study guide that offers practical guidance on how to succeed on this rigorous examination.But you won't pass this exam on knowledge alone, as this author explains. You'll also need to demonstrate insight, included in the following four key success factors, by- Understanding that the exam measures their clinical, not theoretical, knowledge of psychiatry. - Preparing thoroughly (e.g., if you mention a specific medication, be ready to discuss its indications, dosage range, and therapeutic and side effects). - Showing empathy for the patient by taking a few moments to establish rapport and using reassuring statements that show care and compassion. - Being open and direct in a manner that fosters a collegial--not an inadvertently adversarial--relationship with the examiners. The author thoughtfully includes algorithms for "middle-of-the-road" treatment protocols--especially useful if you have only limited experience with a particular patient group. By combining its distinct advantage over lengthier psychiatry textbooks and references with both the knowledge and the insight so essential to success on this crucial exam, this compact volume proves once again that it is, quite simply, the definitive study guide for all oral board examination candidates." | "v1" |
"2017-02-19T01:49:23.713Z" | "2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "7344910" | "s2ag/train" | "A Multi-dimensional Polynomial Chaos approach for uncertainty analysis of shipboard electric propulsion system
This paper introduces the Multi-dimensional generalized Polynomial Chaos(gPC) as a new approach to perform uncertainty analysis for shipboard electric propulsion system. Multi-dimensional gPC is constructed as tensor products of one-dimensional gPC and validated by applying on the first-order stochastic differential equation. Uncertainty analysis is later implemented on the shipboard electric propulsion system composing of an induction machine driven by direct torque control and providing power to the propeller. Stochastic responses are obtained where two independent random variables(induction machine rotor resistance and propeller inertia) exists." | "v1" |
"2015-06-16T21:09:49.000Z" | "2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "476310" | "s2ag/train" | "Modelling of non-stationary phonation for classification of vocal fold vibrations
quantitative analysis of the observed vocal fold dynamics in terms of symmetry and regularity is done with a time-dependent two-mass model of the vocal folds. The model's parameters are numerically optimized to emulate the observed non-stationary vocal fold vibrations. These parameters permit an objective interpretation of vocal fold oscillating asymmetries and allow a classification in normal and pathological cases. The practicability of the optimization algorithm is demonstrated with a set of 242 synthetically generated data sets. By applying the optimization procedure to the recordings of the 16 subjects a correct classification into groups of normal and pathological cases was achieved." | "v1" |
"2022-06-19T15:14:53.545Z" | "2022-06-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "249834010" | "s2ag/train" | "Morphofunctional parameters of the anterior section of the eyeball in the defect of the capsule-linguous apparatus with regmatogenic retina department in the postoperative period
To determine the changes in the morphofunctional parameters of the aphakic eye in RRD, the following goals were set. Purpose. To determine the features of the structural parameters of the anterior eye, namely the angle of the anterior chamber and the depth of the anterior chamber. Material and methods. Depending on the method of correction of the defect in the capsular-ligamentous apparatus of the lens against the background of silicone tamponade of the vitreal cavity, the patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 – patients with anterior chamber IOLs, group 2 – patients with transsclerally fixed IOLs, group 3 – patients with aphakia, group 4 artifakia (control). For a detailed study of the change in indicators from the anterior chamber, emphasis was placed on two indicators, namely the angle of the anterior chamber and the depth of the anterior chamber. The depth of the anterior chamber was measured from the iris to the corneal endothelium at 2 mm from the anterior chamber angle point. Results. When examining the features of changes in the APC in different groups, a tendency for this indicator to change when using an anterior chamber IOL, relative to the control group, is revealed, in particular, this parameter is significantly lower in the temporal sector: APC 3(T) in the 1st group is less than in the 4th group by 7.73 (p = 0.036) degrees. A similar trend in this sector was found in patients with transscleral fixation of the IOL: AEC 3(T) in the 3rd group was less than in the 4th group by 8.73 (p = 0.028) degrees. Conclusion. In a general analysis of the dynamics of the HPC indicators, depending on the correction of the CCA defect, general trends are identified that characterize each group. In particular, in patients using the anterior chamber IOL (group 1), a decrease in this parameter in sector S is detected, relative to the indicators of the control group (group 4) and the group using transscleral fixation of the IOL (group 3). When using the anterior chamber IOL, a change in the position of the iris is observed due to the pressure of the silicone bubble from the vitreous cavity. Keywords: retinal detachment, intraocular lens, anterior chamber." | "v1" |
"2015-03-03T00:52:33.000Z" | "2007-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "64574710" | "s2ag/train" | "The OASYS 2.0 Opinion Analysis System: A Demo
OASYS 2.0 (“Opinion Analysis System”) is a system developed primarly at the University of Maryland in collaboration with the University of Naples, Italy. OASYS 2.0 contains significantly extended and improved versions of algorithms in [1] that allows users to identify the intensity of opinion on a -1 to +1 scale on any topic of interest to the user. OASYS allows the user to view how that intensity changed over time, by country, and by news source. The OASYS 2.0 system currently (as of Dec. 8, 2006) has the following capabilities:" | "v1" |
"2019-02-13T14:04:58.501Z" | "1999-03-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "60451620" | "s2ag/train" | "Memory Based Learning in NLP
We study memory-based learning methods and show that they can be viewed as learning linear predictors over commonly used feature spaces. We suggest that this view allows one to study memory based methods and other successful learning algorithms used in NLP within the same computational framework and may result in improved algorithms and a better understanding for the role of learning in natural language inferences." | "v1" |
"2019-04-22T13:12:13.533Z" | "2018-08-13T00:00:00.000Z" | "126144170" | "s2ag/train" | "The structure and superconductivity of ultrathin Ga films on GaN substrate: A first-principles calculations
A free-standing ultrathin Ga film with hexagonal symmetry is unstable due to its incompatibility with the chemical aromatic rule. Recently, two or three monolayers Ga films have been grown on GaN substrate and exhibit superconductivity [Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 107003 (2015) and Xing et al. Science 350, 542 (2015)]. To elucidate the role of the GaN substrate, the properties of slab consisting of ultrathin Ga films and GaN substrate are calculated from first-principles. The results show that the stable interface structure is ultrathin Ga films deposited on N-terminated GaN substrate. Covalent and metallic bonding coexist in the deposited ultrathin Ga films and this peculiar feature contributes to their stability. For two monolayers Ga film deposited on GaN substrate, the obtained electron-phonon coupling λ is about 1.18 and the estimated superconducting temperature (5.1 K) is in excellent agreement with the experimental value, suggesting that it is a conventional BCS-type two-dimensional superconductor. For the deposited three monolayer Ga film, our calculations of the phonon structures show that it is dynamically unstable. While for one monolayer Ga film deposited on GaN substrate, due to the deposited metallic Ga layer with partial covalent character and meanwhile having the behavior of phonon softening, the obtained electron-phonon coupling λ (2.31) and the estimated superconducting transition temperature (9.4 K) are much larger than the case of the deposited two monolayer Ga film.A free-standing ultrathin Ga film with hexagonal symmetry is unstable due to its incompatibility with the chemical aromatic rule. Recently, two or three monolayers Ga films have been grown on GaN substrate and exhibit superconductivity [Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 107003 (2015) and Xing et al. Science 350, 542 (2015)]. To elucidate the role of the GaN substrate, the properties of slab consisting of ultrathin Ga films and GaN substrate are calculated from first-principles. The results show that the stable interface structure is ultrathin Ga films deposited on N-terminated GaN substrate. Covalent and metallic bonding coexist in the deposited ultrathin Ga films and this peculiar feature contributes to their stability. For two monolayers Ga film deposited on GaN substrate, the obtained electron-phonon coupling λ is about 1.18 and the estimated superconducting temperature (5.1 K) is in excellent agreement with the experimental value, suggesting that it is a conventional BCS-type two-dimensional superco..." | "v1" |
"2021-11-23T14:06:51.175Z" | "2021-10-03T00:00:00.000Z" | "244479020" | "s2ag/train" | "Pillai's problem with k-Fibonacci and Pell numbers
The k-Fibonacci sequence starts with the values (a total of k terms) and each term afterwards is the sum of the k preceding terms. In this paper, we find all integers c having at least two representations as a difference between a k-Fibonacci number and a Pell number. This paper continues and extends the previous work of [J.J. Bravo, C.A. Gómez, and J.L. Herrera, On the intersection of k-Fibonacci and Pell numbers, Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 56(2) (2019), pp. 535–547; S. Hernández, F. Luca, and L.M. Rivera, On Pillai's problem with the Fibonacci and Pell sequences, Soc. Mat. Mex. 25 (2019), pp. 495–507 and M.O. Hernane, F. Luca, S.E. Rihane, and A. Togbé, On Pillai's problem with Pell numbers and powers of 2, Hardy- Ramanujan J. 41 (2018), pp. 22–31]." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T03:39:47.570Z" | "2004-03-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "7642270" | "s2ag/train" | "Monitoring the anomalous scattering signal and noise levels in X-ray diffraction of crystals.
A statistical index R(as) is proposed in order to monitor the overall signal-to-noise ratio in an anomalous scattering data set. In this approach, symmetry-equivalent reflections are merged and grouped into centric and non-centric subsets. Reflections in the centric subset, which in theory should be equal, are used to estimate the noise level in the data. This approach differs from that used by most data-processing programs, in which the centric reflections are merged and averaged. By preserving the differences in centric reflections during data processing, an internal measure of the noise level can be estimated and used to analyze the quality of the anomalous signal in the data. An index R(as) is defined as the ratio of the average Bijvoet difference of merged acentric reflections to merged centric reflections. Test results on a variety of data show that R(as) has good correlation with the capability to determine the anomalous scattering substructure from the data. R(as) can also be useful in monitoring the quality of the data in terms of the data-collection strategy, instrument settings and data-processing software used. R(as) analysis has been implemented in the program 3DSCALE as part of a data-processing program suite that is under development in our laboratory." | "v1" |
"2019-04-03T13:14:06.633Z" | "1997-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "91291070" | "s2ag/train" | "ADDITIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN MIXED CHLORIDE ZINC ELECTROLYTES
Considering the pollution hazards and high industrial effluent treatment costs, non-cyanide zinc plating baths have been developed. Acid type plating baths have been successfully used in electrogalvanising of steel wires and strips due to high plating rates and low operating cost. Chloride baths have come into use recently because of the ease of control and higher rate of deposition. In the present study, an attempt was made to explore the characteristics of few additives in mixed chloride electrolytes. Presented in this paper are the results of investigations on cathode current efficiency, throwing power and brightness of zinc deposit obtained from mixed chloride zinc electrolytes in presence of piperonal, sodium ligno sulphonate, p-toluene sulphonamide, phenol sulphonic acid and dihydroxynaphthalene additives. Among the various organic additives studied, piperonal and dihydroxy naphthalene gave bright deposits with a better throwing power" | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T05:30:20.618Z" | "2009-02-10T00:00:00.000Z" | "25698070" | "s2ag/train" | "Biomarkers of metastatic melanoma.
Melanoma, one of the most aggressive forms of human cancer, has undergone an alarming increase in incidence in recent years. Early detection is a prerequisite for proper diagnosis and therapy orientation. Soluble biomarkers are an important tool for early diagnosis. Markers that are associated with melanocyte functions imply the enzymes involved in melanin synthesis and the melanin-related metabolites. Proteins such as autocrine melanocyte cell growth factor and melanoma metastasis suppressor have gained attention in the biomarkers domain. The antimelanoma immune response elicited in patients can not only provide new biomarkers but important therapeutic approaches in specific treatments. All the molecules generated during the metastasis process, invasion of neighboring tissue, angiogenesis, invading lymphatic/blood vessels and establishing new tumors at a distant site, are targets for biomarker discovery." | "v1" |
"2019-05-06T14:06:48.655Z" | "1989-03-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "145599370" | "s2ag/train" | "There's No Deterring the Catholic Bishops
This article uses two episcopal texts published by the National Conference of Catholic Bishops during the 1980s as a case study of the role of ethics in the foreign policy process. No longer a topic for theologians, philosophers, and lawyers alone, as in past decades, the morality of foreign affairs is now a matter of public discourse and political strategy. The size and social diversity of the Catholic church, the convergence of its stands on anti-communism and anti-nuclear weaponry, and the cosmic nature of the nuclear threat allowed the bishops to make transnational references reaching into all corners of the globe. The church-state exchange introduced the ethics of consequences and promoted moral debate about strategic foreign policy and deterrence." | "v1" |
"2019-03-19T13:01:56.066Z" | "1989-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "83135170" | "s2ag/train" | "Structural and mechanistic motifs in membrane proteins: the three-dimensional modelling of rhodopsin, band 3, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Because so little is known about the structure of membrane proteins, an attempt has been made in this work to develop techniques by which to model them in three dimensions. The procedures devised rely heavily upon the availability of several sequences of a given protein. The modelling procedure is composed of two parts. The first identifies transmembrane regions within the protein sequence on the basis of hydrophobicity, β-turn potential, and the presence of certain amino acid types, specifically, proline and basic residues. The second part of the procedure arranges these transmembrane helices within the bilayer based upon the evolutionary conservation of their residues. Conserved residues are oriented toward other helices and variable residues are positioned to face the surrounding lipids. Available structural information concerning the protein's helical arrangement, including the lengths of interhelical loops, is also taken into account. Rhodopsin, band 3, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor have all been modelled using this methodology, and mechanisms of action could be proposed based upon the resulting structures. Specific residues in the rhodopsin and iodopsin sequences were identified, which may regulate the proteins' wavelength selectivities. A hinge-like motion of helices M3, M4, and M5 with respect to the rest of the protein was proposed to result in the activation of transducin, the G-protein associated with rhodopsin. A similar mechanism is also proposed for signal transduction by the muscarinic acetylcholine and β-adrenergic receptors. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor was modelled with four trans-membrane helices per subunit and with the five homologous M2 helices forming the cation channel. Putative channel-lining residues were identified and a mechanism of channel-opening based upon the concerted, tangential rotation of the M2 helices was proposed. Band 3, the anion exchange protein found in the erythrocyte membrane, was modelled with 14 transmembrane helices. In general the pathway of anion transport can be viewed as a channel composed of six helices that contains a single hydrophobic restriction. This hydrophobic region will not allow the passage of charged species, unless they are part of an ion-pair. An arginine residue located near this restriction is proposed to be responsible for anion transport. When ion-paired with a transportable anion it rotates across the barrier and releases the anion on the other side of the membrane. A similar process returns it to its original position. This proposed mechanism, based on the three-dimensional model, can account for the passive, electroneutral, anion exchange observed for band 3. Dianions can be transported through a similar mechanism with the additional participation of a histidine residue. Both residues are located on M10." | "v1" |
"2019-03-13T13:41:05.612Z" | "2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "76349470" | "s2ag/train" | "Clinical Significance of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Early Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Hyperlipidemia
Objective To explore the clinical value of oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) in early diagnosis of metabolic syndrome among patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with single hyperlipidemia underwent OGTT,and then 2h plasma glucose(2hPG) was determined.Impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) and metabolic syndrome were detected and observed.The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2hPG,total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG) and body mass index(BMI) were also compared among normal group,IGT group and metabolic syndrome group.Results Among 120 patients,46(38.3%) IGT patients and 32(26.6%) metabolic syndrome patients were diagnosed by OGTT.FPG levels of the three groups were within normal values and showed no statistically significant difference(P0.05).2hPG levels of IGT group and metabolic syndrome group were significantly higher than that of normal group(P0.05,P0.01).TG and TC levels of the three groups were higher than normal values.TG and TC levels of metabolic syndrome group were significantly higher than those of normal group(P0.05),but no statistically significant difference was found in TG and TC levels between IGT group and normal group(P0.05).BMI of metabolic syndrome group was significantly higher than that of normal group(P0.05),but no statistically significant difference was observed in BMI between IGT group and normal group(P0.05).Conclusions Patients with single hyperlipidemia should early undergo OGTT and BMI testing for definitive diagnosis of metabolic syndrome so as to conduct early interventions and reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases." | "v1" |
"2020-12-03T09:06:22.783Z" | "2020-12-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "229438120" | "s2ag/train" | "Clinical and experimental knowledge of photobiomodulation in accelerated orthodontics: a review
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in finding a noninvasive method to induce the acceleration of dental movement, methods such as low intensity vibrations, pulsed electromagnetic fields, and low-level laser therapy (LLLT). There have been multiple studies on the efficacy of LLLT in animal models, in vitro and in patients without conclusive results. Objective: Evaluate the state of the art on the use of LLLT to increase the rate of the orthodontic tooth movement to create a concise reference guide of the different laser and protocols available. Materials and Methods: We searched online databases for articles with the keywords LLLT, LLLI, OTM, photobiomodulation. Results: We found conflicting information as to the efficacy of LLLT to accelerate OTM. There is no consensus in the way the irradiation should be performed. Conclusions: The lack of a standardized irradiation protocol makes it hard to compare conflicting results, even in cases where the laser have the same technical specifications." | "v1" |
"2019-04-18T13:12:57.458Z" | "2012-03-22T00:00:00.000Z" | "120679320" | "s2ag/train" | "Surface plasmon resonance investigation of optical detection in plasma-modified phospholipid layers
We herein report on a study of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in thin gold (Au) films coated with thin layers of phospholipid material, which had been exposed to an atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma containing both pure Ar and Ar mixed with O2 (Ar/O2, 0.8%). The phospholipid material that we used for the SPR experiments was lecithin, and the AP plasma system was applied in air by means of a radio-frequency (RF) plasma generator. A thin (∼60 nm) film of Au and a thin (∼15 nm) layer of lecithin were deposited and attached to the face of a prism, and surface plasmon modes were excited along the interfaces of the prism-Au-lecithin-air system by means of prism coupling using a He-Ne Laser (632.8 nm). The experimental SPR reflectance curves of the Au-lecithin-air modes were found to be shifted towards those of the Au-air mode with increasing applications of AP RF plasma treatment. From the shifts in the SPR curves, we found that the estimated thickness of the lecithin layer treated with a pure Ar plasma showed a linear decrease with etching rate of about 3 nm per treatment while the thickness of the lecithin layer treated with a mixed Ar/O2 plasma showed a tendency to saturate following a large initial decrease (ca. 14 nm). All these results demonstrate that the use of SPR sensing could facilitate the detection of extremely small variations in plasma-treated films of biomaterials." | "v1" |
"2019-03-31T13:45:41.512Z" | "1973-07-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "88029370" | "s2ag/train" | "A Method of Treating Turkey Eggs Using a Water Temperature Differential Procedure
Abstract A variation of the temperature differential procedure for egg dipping called the water temperature differential procedure is described. It involved heating the eggs in a water bath followed by dipping in a cold antibiotic solution. The temperature of the water, the time the eggs remain in the water, and the time the eggs remain in the cold antibiotic solution after heating, are the essential variables of this procedure. Eggs were dipped using this procedure, the air temperature differential, and the pressure differential procedures, and were assayed individually or in groups for the amount of antibiotic absorbed. Results indicated the water temperature differential procedure to be a valuable alternative to the other two procedures with no significant effect on hatchability of fertile eggs." | "v1" |
"2018-12-01T08:35:08.881Z" | "2016-07-08T00:00:00.000Z" | "125250620" | "s2ag/train" | "Polígono de Newton de una foliación de tipo curva generalizada
Generalized curve foliations are a type of foliations that have a similar reduction as the one given by curves. Camacho, Lins Neto, and Sad showed that generalized curve no-dicritical foliations have the same reduction of singularities than their separatrices. In this paper we give a novel proof of Dulac's theorem ([9]) using techniques of Rouille ([19]). This theorem shows that for generalized curve no-dicritical foliations their Newton polygons and their separatrices are equal. Using Dulac's theorem we return to a result (wrongly) stated by Loray, which is not quite right, as noticed by Fernandez, Mozo and, Neciosup." | "v1" |
"2022-12-01T14:30:17.430Z" | "2022-10-10T00:00:00.000Z" | "254100620" | "s2ag/train" | "Prediction of Cascading Failures and Simultaneous Learning of Functional Connectivity in Power System
The prediction of power system cascading failures is a challenging task, especially with increasing uncertainty and complexity in power system dynamics due to integration of renewable energy sources (RES). Given the spatio-temporal and combinatorial nature of the problem, physics based approaches for characterizing cascading failures are often limited by their scope and/or speed, thereby prompting the use of a spatio-temporal learning technique. This paper proposes prediction of cascading failures using a spatio-temporal Graph Convolution Network (GCN) based machine learning (ML) framework. Additionally, the model also learns an importance matrix to reveal power system interconnections (graph nodes/edges) which are crucial to the prediction. The elements of learnt importance matrix are further projected as power system functional connectivities. Using these connectivities, insights on vulnerable power system interconnections may be derived for enhanced situational awareness. The proposed method has been tested on a modified IEEE 10 machine 39 bus test system, with RES and action of protection devices." | "v1" |
"2019-04-12T13:57:11.035Z" | "1996-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "109024520" | "s2ag/train" | "Soil Water Dynamics Under Drip Irrigation: Transient Flow and Uptake Models
Advances in drip irrigation management rely on knowledge of the distribution and dynamics of soil water within the wetted soil volume. Part of the information can be obtained from numerical or analytical models for water flow from point or line sources. However, a more complete picture of soil water dynamics in cropped fields requires explicit consideration of plant water extraction patterns. In this study we propose to combine an analytical solution for transient flow from cyclic point sources representing drippers with a parametric model for uptake by plant roots. The linearized flow and uptake problems are amenable for spatial superposition. The transient uptake pattern is represented by an array of buried line sinks of different strengths determined by a new parametric uptake model. In addition, a point approximation is proposed (for monitoring purposes) based on a localized water balance which considers changes in water content due to transient flow from the dripper coupled with plant uptake only from the soil volume under consideration. Comparisons with greenhouse (and field) measurements show very good agreement with the localized approximation for one- and two-day irrigation intervals. The superposition solution of point source with an array of line sinks tended to under-estimate uptake. The two methods offer reasonable means to describe soil water dynamics within wetted soil volumes under cropped conditions for various irrigation management scenarios." | "v1" |
"2017-02-13T23:39:55.996Z" | "2011-10-24T00:00:00.000Z" | "32960570" | "s2ag/train" | "TDOA map adaptation in sound source localization
Recently, many researchers have studied about adaptation methods of various environments since intelligent service robots generally have to interact with human beings in any environments. In this paper, an adaptation method of angle-TDOA map is proposed which can be applied to a sound localization system when a certain configuration error or deviation is brought up by the change of environments. In addition, two cases of situation are defined along with two suggested methods respectively to solve the problem. The first method is building an angle-TDOA map with a test signal generated at know positions when a microphone array is randomly placed. The second one is an on-line adaptation method for the real-time sound localization. In this method, we will use a vision system to find out the real direction of sound sources and the angle-TDOA map is learned from the difference between map and actual value of TDOAs. We use a face detection module to update an angle-TDOA map and assume the detected person is generating sounds. Finally experiments show the effect of the adaptation in both cases." | "v1" |
"2020-03-07T11:21:21.180Z" | "2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "212531970" | "s2ag/train" | "Development, Validation and Stability Study of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Daclatasvirin Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
A simple, specific and economic UV spectrophotometric method has been developed using as a solvent methanol:water (8:2) to determine the daclatasvir content in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage formulations. The quantitative determination of the drug has been carried out at a predetermined λmaxof 317nm, it was proved linier in the range 2-12 μg/mL and exhibited good correlation coefficient (R 2 =0.998) and excellent mean recovery (98-100.09%). The method was validated statically and by recovery studies for linearity, precision, repeatability and reproducibility as per ICH guideline. The obtained results proved that the method can be employed for the routine analysis of daclatasvirin bulk as well as in the commercial formulations." | "v1" |
"2019-05-15T14:32:15.217Z" | "2001-03-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "153953520" | "s2ag/train" | "Current Asian trends in egg production and consumption: a demand analysis of selected countries
Although in the western world there has been a long term decline in the consumption of eggs, Asian egg consumption is on an upward trend, even in developed Asian nations like Japan. However, the latter part of the 1990s has seen a slower rate of growth in consumption. This study represents an attempt to analyse the present state of affairs by estimating the income elasticity of demand for eggs in selected countries. The annual increase in the consumption of eggs is high because of the very low consumption in developing countries. Production is also on the increase as a result of improvements in local breeds and the ready availability of high yielding birds even in rural areas. Based on estimates, countries were categorised into three groups – those of high income elasticity (Malaysia, China), medium elasticity (Sri Lanka, Pakistan) and low elasticity (Japan, Korea). Increasing disposable household income will continue to result in an expansion in the production and consumption of eggs in Asia. By the year 2010 over 60% of the world's population will live in Asia; furthermore, the growth in disposable income and purchasing power coupled with rapidly changing food habits will make eggs one of the more popular protein-rich foods with both the rural and urban populations in Asia." | "v1" |
"2019-05-01T13:04:04.491Z" | "2015-11-02T00:00:00.000Z" | "141491320" | "s2ag/train" | "A vanadium phosphorous oxide and a preparing method thereof
A vanadium phosphorous oxide and a preparing method thereof are disclosed. The content of VOHPO .(0.5)H2O by volume in the vanadium phosphorous oxide is 80-95%. The vanadium phosphorous oxide has double pore path distribution, namely a pore size of 10-20 nm and a pore size of 20-35 nm, wherein pore paths the pore size of which is 10-20 nm account for 30-35% of the total pore volume, and pore paths the pore size of which is 20-35 nm account for 35-45% of the total pore volume. The method includes adding ionic liquids I and II in a synthetic process, and after the reaction is finished, subjecting generated precipitates to filtration, drying and calcination to obtain the vanadium phosphorous oxide. The vanadium phosphorous oxide has double pore path distribution and is suitable as a precursor of a catalyst in an n-butane oxidation to prepare maleic anhydride." | "v1" |
"2015-03-03T21:00:01.000Z" | "2015-03-03T00:00:00.000Z" | "55370120" | "s2ag/train" | "THE 21-SPONGE H i ABSORPTION SURVEY. I. TECHNIQUES AND INITIAL RESULTS
We present methods and results from “21 cm Spectral Line Observations of Neutral Gas with the EVLA” (21-SPONGE), a large survey for Galactic neutral hydrogen (H i) absorption with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). With the upgraded capabilities of the VLA, we reach median rms noise in optical depth of &sgr; τ = 9 × 10 − 4 ?> per 0.42 km s − 1 ?> channel for the 31 sources presented here. Upon completion, 21-SPONGE will be the largest H i absorption survey with this high sensitivity. We discuss the observations and data reduction strategies, as well as line fitting techniques. We prove that the VLA bandpass (BP) is stable enough to detect broad, shallow lines associated with warm H i, and we show that BP observations can be combined in time to reduce spectral noise. In combination with matching H i emission profiles from the Arecibo Observatory ( ∼ ?> 3.′5 angular resolution), we estimate excitation (or spin) temperatures (Ts) and column densities for Gaussian components fitted to sightlines along which we detect H i absorption (30/31). We measure temperatures up to T s ∼ 1500 K ?> for individual lines, showing that we can probe the thermally unstable interstellar medium (ISM) directly. However, we detect fewer of these thermally unstable components than expected from previous observational studies. We probe a wide range in column density between ∼ 10 16 ?> and > 10 21 cm − 2 ?> for individual H i clouds. In addition, we reproduce the trend between cold gas fraction and average Ts found by the Kim et al. synthetic observations of a hydrodynamic ISM simulation. Finally, we compare methods for estimating Ts using H i observations." | "v1" |
"2019-03-30T13:12:01.869Z" | "2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "86047670" | "s2ag/train" | "Spider Faunal diversity in Perumalmalai forest area, Kodaikanal hills, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, India
Faunal diversity surveys and conservation efforts are often concerned with charismatic species like higher vertebrates. We need to pay attention to other faunal components also like spiders because of the significant ecological role they play. Spiders have to adapt different environmental conditions. However, they seem to prefer particular zone and select a strategic line for web building in consonance with the availability of prey. Spiders are a major component of the predatory arthropod trophic level in many ecosystems. About 38,000 species of spiders belonging to 3526 genera and 109 families are known to science. Many spider species are not yet known to science, particularly in trophics. Spiders are the most diverse and abundant invertebrate predators in terrestrial ecosystems. They employ a remarkable diversity of predation strategies, occupy a wide array of spatial and temporal niches, and are characterized by high within habitat taxonomic diversity, exhibit taxon and guild responses to environmental change, extremely sensitive to small changes in habitat structure, including vegetation complexity, litter depth and microclimate characteristics. Western Ghats is one of the eco-sensitive regions in South Asia and smaller area to be surveyed. Taking the above points in consideration a preliminary study was conducted to document the spider fauna in Perumalmalai Kodaikanal hills, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, India. Kodaikanal sits on a plateau above southern escarpment of upper Palani hills at 2,133 meters (6,998 ft), between the Parappar and Gundar Valleys. The faunistic survey yields 25 species of spiders belonging to 21 genera and 10 families. Araneidae was the most dominant family recording 7 species belonging to 6 genera. Guild structure analysis revealed seven feeding guilds, namely orb weavers and stalkers were dominant feeding guilds of the total collection." | "v1" |
"2019-03-31T13:48:39.445Z" | "2006-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "88407170" | "s2ag/train" | "Antioxidation Activity of Pleurotus nebrodensis Mycelium Polysaccharides in Mice and Its Effect on Senescence-resistance of Fruit Flies
Objective: To investigate the effect of Pleurotus nebrodensis mycelium polysaccharides (PNMP) against oxidation and senescence. Method: According to different polysaccharide doses, grouped animals were respectively conducted in experiments of fruit fly survival and mice's antioxidation capability. The assay indexes were: mortality of fruit fly group, and MDA content, activity of GSH-PX and SOD etc in mice. Results: regon K's average-life-span and max-life-span after receiving PNMP were both significantly higher, compared with the control group(p0.05).When mice were fed by PNMP, SOD activity in their RBC between different dose groups all significantly increased by the control, and the value was very obvious in middle dose group (p0.05). Compared with the control group, MDA, LPF contents in serum and brain organs between different dose groups had declined, and the middle dose group kept the sharp trend (p0.05) in terms of MDA in serum. In addition, PNMP also showed obvious inhibition effect on H2O2-induced rats'RBC hemolysis. Conclusion: PNMP had obvious part of antioxidation and senescence-resistance." | "v1" |
"2019-04-21T13:09:30.892Z" | "2014-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "124764970" | "s2ag/train" | "LMI-based approach to global asymptotic stability for cellular neural networks with proportional delays
By constructing appropriate Lyapunov functional and applying linear matrix inequality,the global asymptotic stability for a class of cellular neural networks with proportional delays is studied. The delay-dependent and delay-independent sufficient conditions of global asymptotic stability are obtained. A numerical example and its simulation result are given to verify the correctness of the conclusion." | "v1" |
"2019-04-14T13:12:06.592Z" | "2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "112395870" | "s2ag/train" | "Analysis of Maintenance Methods for Higher Professional College Computer Room
Higher vocational college computer room is an important teaching base in the improvement of students' practical ability,and is also an indispensable part of the teaching resources.Computer room maintenance is a complicated process.The ways to scientifically and efficiently manage the Computer Room are discussed.With various techniques and instruments such as hard disk cloning,Ghost multicast,software and hardware protection,and Network communication,the rate of capacity utilization and practical teaching circumstance are to be enhanced,which may improve the teaching service." | "v1" |
"2019-05-06T14:07:02.088Z" | "2007-10-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "145168670" | "s2ag/train" | "Antecedents of Impression Management Use and Effectiveness in a Structured Interview†
The authors examine personality variables and interview format as potential antecedents of impression management (IM) behaviors in simulated selection interviews. The means by which these variables affect ratings of interview performance is also investigated. The altruism facet of agreeableness predicted defensive IM behaviors, the vulnerability facet of emotional stability predicted self- and other-focused behaviors, and interview format (behavior description vs. situational questions) predicted self-focused and defensive behaviors. Consistent with theory and research on situational strength, antecedent—IM relations were consistently weaker in a strong situation in which interviewees had an incentive to manage their impressions. There was also evidence that IM partially mediated the effects of personality and interview format on interview performance in the weak situation." | "v1" |
"2016-04-07T00:00:00.000Z" | "2006-02-22T00:00:00.000Z" | "46120" | "s2ag/train" | "FPGAs with multidimensional mesh topology
In a traditional 2-D field-programmable gate array (FPGA), the number of routing switches increases as the number of logic gates increases, and thereby causes a decrease in the logic density. DeHon et al. demonstrated that a tree-based FPGA they proposed resolves this problem and requires only a constant number ofswitches per gate without any relation to the total number of gates. This paper presents that a multidimensional FPGA that exploits the multidimensional mesh topology also achieves asymptotically identical area efficiency to that of a tree-based FPGA. We model a multidimensional FPGA as a simple extension of the traditional 2-D and 3-D FPGAs, and realize it by embedding it onto a 2-D chip. We show a multidimensional FPGA can be embedded onto a 2-D chip with no critical increase in the amount of metal wiring. Although our embedding method causes a gap between the lengths of wire segments in different axial directions, a multidimensional FPGA indicates lower interconnection delay than a 2-D FPGA. We show that the speed advantage of a 4-D FPGA compared with a 2-D FPGA extends along with further integration and scaling of semiconductor devices by predicting maximum and average net delays." | "v1" |
"2019-04-26T13:17:18.817Z" | "2015-07-21T00:00:00.000Z" | "132905320" | "s2ag/train" | "Method and system for automatically controlling at least one of the following vehicle with a scout vehicle
The invention relates to a method for automatically controlling at least one of the following vehicle (1) in which a scout vehicle (2) a Scout trajectory is generated which performed scout vehicle (2) along an actual trajectory (201), wherein by means of sensors (11) of the scout vehicle (2) the actual trajectory (201) of the scout vehicle (2) and Scout-environment data (202) are detected. For the following vehicle (1), a desired trajectory (204) is generated and by means of sensors (21) of the following vehicle (1) following vehicle environment data (203) are detected. The Scout trajectory and Scout-environment data (202) is transmitted to the follower vehicle (1) and, when the detected actual trajectory (201) and the generated desired trajectory (204) each have at least a certain Trajektorienahnlichkeit to the generated Scout trajectory have have and when the follower vehicle environment data (203) at least a certain environment data similarity to the Scout-environment data (202), an automatic control of the following vehicle (1) along the desired trajectory (204) is activated. The invention further relates to a system for automatically controlling at least one of the following vehicle (2) with a scout vehicle (1)." | "v1" |
"2019-10-13T02:09:09.300Z" | "2017-03-03T00:00:00.000Z" | "204291620" | "s2ag/train" | "Automatic washing device for helmet
The present invention relates to a helmet automatic washing machine which is provided with a drying space and a washing space separately inside a case to prevent washing water from splashing on a peripheral wall or an opening and closing wall of a drying space, A casing having a space and a cleaning space and provided with an opening / closing door communicating with the drying space; The helmet is supported so that the convex surface of the helmet is directed upward, and a center hole communicating with the concave portion of the helmet is formed at the center of the helmet. A helmet supporting means; A first and a second washing water spraying parts provided at the top and bottom of the washing space and connected to the washing water supplying part to spray wash water onto convex and concave surfaces of the helmet; First and second air ejecting portions provided on upper and lower sides of the drying space for ejecting dry air to convex and concave surfaces of the helmet; And a control unit for controlling the apparatus." | "v1" |
"2017-10-24T05:29:12.399Z" | "2009-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "148274370" | "s2ag/train" | "An immigrants story
However, this era also allow you to get the book from many sources. The off line book store may be a common place to visit to get the book. But now, you can also find it in the on-line library. This site is one of the on-line library in which you can find your chosen one to read. Now, the presented an immigrants story is a book that you can find here. This book tends to be the book that will give you new inspirations." | "v1" |
"2018-04-03T06:13:49.767Z" | "2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "46062520" | "s2ag/train" | "Nanomaterial Induced Immune Responses and Cytotoxicity.
Nanomaterials are utilized in a wide array of end user products such as pharmaceuticals, electronics, clothes and cosmetic products. Due to its size (< 100 nm), nanoparticles have the propensity to enter through the airway and skin, making its path perilous with the potential to cause damages of varying severity. Once within the body, these particles have unconstrained access to different tissues and organs including the brain, liver, and kidney. As a result, nanomaterials may cause the perturbation of the immune system eliciting an inflammatory response and cytotoxicity. This potential role is dependent on many factors such as the characteristics of the nanomaterials, presence or absence of diseases, and genetic predisposition. Cobalt and nickel nanoparticles, for example, were shown to have inflammogenic properties, while silver nanoparticles were shown to reduce allergic inflammation. Just as asbestos fibers, carbon nanotubes were shown to cause lungs damage. Some nanomaterials were shown, based on animal studies, to result in cell damage, leading to the formation of pre-cancerous lesions. This review highlights the impact of nanomaterials on immune system and its effect on human health with toxicity consideration. It recommends the development of suitable animal models to study the toxicity and bio-clearance of nanomaterials and propose safety guidelines." | "v1" |
"2017-06-17T23:05:32.950Z" | "2005-07-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "34219170" | "s2ag/train" | "Milestones of the medical school and medical progress of Singapore over the past 100 years.
The Medical School started off in an old female lunatic asylum on the site of the general hospital at Sepoy Lines. It was founded on 3 July 1905 and was called the Straits and Federated Malay States Government Medical School. In 1916, the Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery (LMS) was recognised fully by the General Medical Council of Britain as a registrable qualification. In 1921, the medical school was renamed King Edward VII College of Medicine to reflect its academic status. In 1926, the College and its hospitals were inspected by Sir Richard Needham, who had been sent by the General Medical Council of Great Britain. In his report, he told the Council that in his opinion, the graduates should be given the MBBS degree because of the high standard of the Medical School. The medical school was closed by the Japanese on 16 February 1942. After the end of World War II, the College of Medicine resumed classes in June 1946. In 1962, the medical faculty became the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Singapore. From 1984 to 1986, following the university's move to Kent Ridge, the Faculty's clinical school also moved to the National University Hospital. In 2004, plans were well underway for the opening of the country's second medical school on the grounds of the Singapore General Hospital." | "v1" |
"2018-12-30T05:02:23.565Z" | "2010-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "59420270" | "s2ag/train" | "The Eligibility Practices For The Category Of Specific Learning Disability In A Rural Special Education Cooperative In Illinois
This study investigated the trends in assessment for specific learning disability in a rural special education cooperative in Illinois. The sample included assessment records for 135 students who graduated from high school with special education services under the category of specific learning disability. The assessment procedures were recorded and compared to trends in practice at the time. Results revealed that the use of traditional assessment practices, such as the IQ-achievement discrepancy, was less likely to be used once the alternative Flexible Service Delivery Model was initiated. To further investigate the impact of the Flexible Service Delivery Model, data were gathered regarding the percentage of students in special education to determine if the new model served to decrease numbers of students made eligible. When compared to the state as a whole, the rural county that initiated the Flexible Service Delivery Model experienced a decrease in the number of students that were eligible for specific learning disability. However, this did not appear to impact the number of special education students overall. 4 A Case Study: SLD Eligibility Practices" | "v1" |
"2017-10-28T14:35:10.299Z" | "2013-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "45491620" | "s2ag/train" | "Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence after Minimal Invasive Hysterectomy: Laparoscopic Surgical Techniques
Vaginal cuff dehiscence (VCD) after hysterectomy is an adverse event with potential severe morbidity. Although the data are limited, minimally invasive approaches to hysterectomy, such as total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), may be associated with a higher risk of vaginal cuff dehiscence. The cause for these dehiscences is unknown, and multiple factors may be involved. Internationally, the etiology of VCD is still a matter of concern. Either in its technique (TLH) as in the used technology (electrosurgical colpotomy and/or suturing method), an explanation could be found for the higher incidence of VCD. This study aims to review laparoscopic surgical techniques in the minimal invasive hysterectomy and its association with VCD." | "v1" |
"2019-05-21T13:08:09.534Z" | "2004-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" | "159655920" | "s2ag/train" | "Purified Tragedy:A Discussion on Border Town
Instead of reproducing life, SHEN Cong-wen intends to express it in his work Border Town, in which he tries to abstract the nobility and beauty of life from misery life to prove the kindness in humanity by creating his "Little Greek Shrine", a holy place for a degenerate man. The author purifies the tragedy of life by mixing his own solitary emotion with a melancholy touch. The profundity of Border Town lies in its tragic melody, aesthetical style and the purification of tragedy." | "v1" |
"2017-11-12T16:53:04.865Z" | "2011-10-12T00:00:00.000Z" | "34586620" | "s2ag/train" | "Do Hospital Microbiology Laboratories Still Need To Distinguish Candida albicans from Candida dubliniensis?
As a clinical mycologist, one of the most frequent questions I get asked by clinical technicians is, “Do we still need to distinguish Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans?” When I ask the questioner why they separate them, the usual response is that C. dubliniensis is often resistant to fluconazole. When C. dubliniensis was first described in 1995 (11), AIDS was epidemic and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was just becoming available. Because of these factors, mucocutaneous candidasis was commonly seen and fluconazole prophylaxis was often prescribed. Many of the first strains of C. dubliniensis from HIV-positive patients exhibited elevated fluconazole MIC values or the ability to develop fluconazole resistance under drug pressure in vitro (5, 6). Despite this, the original discoverers of C. dubliniensis reported that it remained fairly susceptible to fluconazole (9). To try to put this question to rest, we tested 42 isolates of C. dubliniensis for susceptibility to fluconazole. Isolates were collected as part of a population-based candidemia surveillance conducted by the CDC in Atlanta and Baltimore. Isolates were identified as C. dubliniensis by a Luminex-based assay (4) or by sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Isolates were tested by broth microdilution using the methodology of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard M27-A3 (3). The MIC 50 of these 42 isolates was 0.25 g/ml, and the MIC 90 was 0.5 g/ml, with only two isolates (4.8%) having a MIC value above 0.5 g/ml, both of which had a MIC value of 16 g/ml. The two isolates with elevated MIC" | "v1" |
Pretraining Effectively on S2ORC!
The peS2o dataset is a collection of ~40M creative open-access academic papers, cleaned, filtered, and formatted for pre-training of language models. It is derived from the Semantic Scholar Open Research Corpus(Lo et al, 2020), or S2ORC.
We release multiple version of peS2o, each with different processing and knowledge cutoff date. We recommend you to use the latest version available.
If you use this dataset, please cite:
@techreport{peS2o,
author = {Luca Soldaini and Kyle Lo},
year = 2023,
title = {{peS2o (Pretraining Efficiently on S2ORC) Dataset}},
institution = {{Allen Institute for AI}},
note = {ODC-By, \url{https://github.com/allenai/pes2o}}
}
Document Format
Each document in the dataset is a dictionary with the following fields:
added: Date the document was added to the corpus.created: Best-guess date for when the document was first published. Some have resolution down to the day, only down to the year.id: Semantic Scholar Corpus ID of the document; it can be used with the Semantic Scholar API to retrieve metadata about the document (e.g., fields of study, authors).source: Collection from which the document was sourced from. At the moment, two are supported:s2orc: collection of full-text paperss2ag: collection of title and abstracts
text: Text of the document. Paragraphs are separated by two newlines (\n\n).version: version of peS2o.
peS2o V1
Key Facts
- Knowledge cutoff: 2023-01-03
- Number of documents: 67.56M
- Number of whitespace-separated tokens: 47.37M
Processing
Processing differs slightly wether it was derived from the full-text corpus (s2orc) or the title and abstract corpus (s2ag).
S2ORC-derived documents
Unfiltered, S2ORC contains 11.3M papers and 46.9B whitespace-separated tokens as of 2023-01-03. To derive peS2o v1, we impose the following constraints:
- The paper must have a title and abstract.
- From each paper, we use Grobid to extract section headers and paragraphs; figures, tables, and references, and any other non-textual content is removed. Title and abstracts are also available, but they come from the Semantic Scholar metadata (obtained through the APIs), not Grobid.
- The paper must be in English.
- To determine the language of each document, we use the pycld3 library
- We run pycld3 on the first 2000 characters of each paragraph in the paper.
- The language of the paper is the most common language of the paragraphs.
- The paper must have at least 500 whitespace-separated words.
- The paper was published after 1969; papers published before this date are often obtained through OCR and contain unrecoverable errors.
- The paper must have at least 5 paragraphs.
- All sections that have a average log word probability of less than
-20are removed. - To calculate the average log word probability, we use word frequencies extracted from the 1T Web Ngram corpus; specifically, we use the list available created by Rachel Tatman. A copy is hosted here.
- All sections that have a average log word probability of less than
- The most frequent word in the paper consists of alpha characters only, and it appears in less than 7.5% of the document.
- Words are obtained by splitting the text on whitespace.
The train set contains papers published before 2022-12-01; the validation set includes documents published after 2022-12-01 and until 2023-01-03.
S2AG-derived documents
The S2AG corpus contains titles and abstracts of papers in Semantic Scholar. Unfiltered, the corpus contains 91.1M papers and 15.5B whitespace-separated tokens as of 2023-01-03. To derive peS2o v1, we impose the following constraints:
- Abstract must be in English.
- To calculate the language, we once again use pycld3
- Title must be in English, or have average unigram log probability greater than -20.
- Abstract must be in English.
- Abstract must have higher than -20 average unigram log probability.
- Abstract must have at least 50 words.
- Abstract must have no more than 1000 words.
- The most frequent word in the union of text and abstract must be a 2+ character alpha word, or it can be
afollowed by a 2+ character alpha word. - Paper was published after 1969.
Statistics
| Dataset | Split | # Documents | # Words |
|---|---|---|---|
| s2orc | train | 8,242,162 | 36,088,195,908 |
| s2orc | valid | 51,323 | 255,139,074 |
| s2ag | train | 59,382,301 | 11,009,123,378 |
| s2ag | valid | 111,228 | 24,398,512 |
peS2o V2
Key Facts
- Knowledge cutoff: 2023-01-03
- Number of documents: 38.97M
- Number of whitespace-separated tokens*: 42.01B
Processing
peS2o V2 is largely the same as V1, but it includes additional heuristics s2ag aimed at filtering out OCR errors from abstract.
First, we check if the abstract was obtained from Semantic Scholar sources that are likely to contain OCR'ed content. For any abstract derived from those sources, we count how often the text contains subsequences matching \b([A-Za-z]\s)([a-z]\s)*[A-Za-z]\b, i.e. individual alpha letters separated by a space. This heuristic matches cases such as A b stra ct (2 matching subsequences), where the OCR parser inserted erroneous spaces.
Any abstract with more than 4 matching subsequences is removed.
Statistics
| Dataset | Split | # Documents | # Words |
|---|---|---|---|
| s2orc | train | 8,242,162 | 36,088,195,908 |
| s2orc | valid | 51,323 | 255,139,074 |
| s2ag | train | 30,569,017 | 5,920,099,207 |
| s2ag | valid | 109,709 | 24,029,459 |
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